130 The Ottawa Naturalist. [February 



Herring Gull (Larus argentatus). Very common during the 

 spring and early summer. There is yet some doubt as to the specific 

 identity of the large gull of the argentatus type which frequents the 

 prairie provinces and north-westwards to Edmonton. Presumably 

 this reference should belong under califomicus. 



Franklin Rosy Gull (Larus franklinii). Very common 

 usually during the latter part of June and early July. 



Black Tern (Hydrochelidon nigra surinamensis) . Abundant 

 breeder about the sloughs. Arrives about May 20. Nests early in 

 June; the young are born about June 26, and take to the water by 



July 14 



American White Pelican (Pelecanus epytkroirhynchos) . 

 In all probability may be expected in the Edmonton district as Wm. 

 Spreadborough records them breeding on Lake Ste. Anne, north- 

 west of Edmonton, in 1898. 



Mallard (Anas boschas). Occasionally noted during the 

 spring and fall. A few may breed as Mr. Spreadborough found a 

 nest on June 7, 1897. Changing conditions due to much recent 

 settlement of the country may have its influence on the wilder breed- 

 ing water fowl, forcing them back to more remote localities. 



Gadwell (Chaulelasmus streperus). Breeds in limited num- 

 bers. Arrives about May 10. Young nearly full grown by August 1. 



American Widgeon or Baldpate (Mareca americana). Mr. 

 Spreadborough reports this species as common at Edmonton in 1897, 

 a few arriving as early as April 17. By May 5, but not until then, 

 were they common. They were breeding at that time. 



Green-winged Teal (Nettion carolinensis) . Tolerably com- 

 mon. Breeds. Arrives about May 5. I have observed individuals 

 on the White-mud river as late as November 1. 



Blue-winged Teal (Querquedula discors). Common. Breeds. 

 Arrives about May 1. 



Shoveller or Spoon-bill {Spatula clypeata). Frequently 

 observed during the spring and fall migrations. 



Redhead (Marila americana). Mr. Spreadborough collected a 

 male at Edmonton on May 18, 1897. 



Canvas-back Duck (Marila vallisneria) . Common during 

 spring and fall. Breeds sparingly. 



American Scaup Duck (Marila marila). Noted during the 

 spring migrations. 



American Golden-eye (Clangula dangula americana). The 

 first water fowl to arrive in the spring, which is about April 6. Does 

 not breed in the vicinity. 



Buffle-head (Charitonetta albeola). Rather uncommon. Oc- 

 casionally observed in May and August. 



