ORGANIC REGULATION 103 



ism. Pathology is a real science, and part of the 

 science of biology. 



Anatomy and physiology, but more particularly 

 anatomy, have become hide-bound in the conception 

 that living structure is simply physical structure; and 

 in consequence of this anatomy has for the present 

 the aspect of almost a dead science, in spite of the new 

 life impulse from experimental embryology. The time 

 has come for biology to liberate herself and step forth 

 as a free and living experimental science, with a world 

 before her to conquer by the help of clearer ideas of 

 what life is, and how it can be investigated. 



Biology is no inexact science, contented with rough 

 pictorial approximations. The bane of physiology in 

 the past has been inexact measurement and imperfect 

 observation. The new physiology will be different. 

 Its* measurements and observations will be more exact, 

 and, as has been shown in the previous lectures from 

 actual instances, of a delicacy often far exceeding that 

 of existing physical and chemical methods. But the 

 observations and measurements will not be of phe- 

 nomena which if isolated are mere illusions. The new 

 physiology will not be content with causes, but will 

 seek out the organisation of which "causes" are only 

 the outward appearance. 



For the reasons already given, organism and en- 

 vironment cannot be separated in considering life. 

 But we seem to be able to reach a satisfactory inter- 

 pretation of the physics and chemistry of the external, 

 and even of the internal environment, when these 

 states are looked at apart from their relations to 



