1893.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 25 



bunch grass, cacti, sage brush and rose bushes, and bearing on their 

 summits open forests of fir and pine. 



7. Bonaparte, B. C, June 13-17. 



The first stopping place on the famous Cariboo Road which con- 

 nects Ashcroft with the northern mining regions, and twenty miles 

 away from the latter place. Bonaparte is at the southern limit of 

 the true Boreal region and the northern limit of abundant cacti and 

 sage brush. Its mean elevation is 1,000 fe^t higher than Ashcroft. 

 Salpinetes obsoletus, Tyrannus vertiealis, Sayornis saya and Icterus 

 bullockii draw the line at this point. 



8. Clinton, B. C, ) _ 1 _ , n 



. 9. Lac La Hache, B. C, i June 18 " JuI ^ 7 ' 



Clinton, thirty miles north of Ashcroft, rests in a green valley at 

 the foot of outlying spurs of the Cascades. Its elevation is about 

 2,500 feet. It is the first step into the typical Boreal environment 

 of pine, fir, spruce, juniper and aspen, preparing one for the upland 

 lake plateaus in which lakes La Hache and Quesnel form a con- 

 spicuous feature. 



To reach La Hache from Clinton the stage line passes for twenty 

 miles over a broad, wooded ridge, 4,000 to 5,000 feet high, and 

 descends again to 2,400 feet in the La Hache Valley. Both locali- 

 ties are semi-arid, well wooded, devoid of much under-growth, cov- 

 ered with nutritious grasses and thickly dotted with alkaline and 

 fresh-water lakes Avhich have no visible outlet. The climate is not 

 rigorous and singularly equable for the latitude. 



Lac La Hache was the northern terminus of my journey, 200 

 miles north of the United States, in latitude 52°. 



10. Kamloops, B. C, July 12-15. 



Fifty miles east of Ashcroft at head of Kamloops Lake. Simi- 

 lar in situation and environment to Ashcroft with slightly greater 

 rainfall. The border of the arid region continues eastwardly along 

 the Canadian Pacific Railway, from Kamloops, fifty miles, nearly 

 to Salmon River, where it descends directly south to the head of 

 Okanagan Lake, thence east to the foot of the Gold Range which 

 bounds it on that side to within twenty miles of the United States. 

 At this point it widens suddenly, extending eastwardly to and 

 beyond the valley of the Columbia River. 



11. Sicamous, B. C, July 16-19. 



A railroad Junction of the Canadian Pacific Railway with the 

 Shuswap and Okanagan branch which runs fifty miles south into 



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