MENTAL AND MORAL HEREDITY IN ROYALTY. 261 



MENTAL AND MORAL HEREDITY IN ROYALTY, VI. 



By Dr. FREDERICK F. WOODS. 



Bourbons in Spain. 



Philip V. to the present day. 



THE male or Hapsburg line having become extinct on the death 

 of Charles II., the Bourbons came upon the Spanish throne. 

 This group may be subdivided into six smaller groups: 



1. Children of first marriage of Philip V. 



2. Primogeniture line of Spain. 



3. Children of Philip Duke of Parma. 



4. Male line in the Two Sicilies. 



5. The Carlists. 



6. Children of Francesco de Paula. 



1-2 I shall start with Philip V. and include in the group with 

 him all his ancestors to the third or great-grandparent degree. This 

 supplies 871/2 per cent, of influence according to Galton's law. Next 

 all the children of Philip V. will be included, as well as all their 

 ancestors to the third degree. Then following down the line that 

 corresponds to the throne, I shall treat of each fraternity in turn 

 until the present Alfonso XIII. is reached. After this the other 

 male lines (3-6) will be taken up. The daughters are also included, 

 but not their children, as these are considered under the male lines 

 in other countries Austria, France, Portugal, etc. There are thirty- 

 four persons in this group who require tracing. As each has four- 

 teen ancestors in the third degree (two parents, four grandparents, 

 eight great-grandparents) the total number of persons concerned is 

 (14 X 34) -f- 34, or 510. All are of value, even the remote edges, 

 because any striking trait, insanity, genius or moral depravity ex- 

 hibited in any ancestor should reappear further down; if not in 

 some branch represented in its own country, then perhaps here in 

 Spain. There are many of these second- and third-degree ancestors 

 who have the worst possible epithets bestowed upon them, such as 

 the type of Louis XV. of France, but strange as it may seem to those 

 who discredit heredity, there are only two out of the five hundred 

 and ten who have ever been called great or who could be ranked with 

 the geniuses of a grade as high as 9. 



These are Maria Theresa of Austria and her grandson, the cele- 

 brated Archduke Charles, who won so much distinction in his battles 



