HIGH-GRADE MEN: IN COLLEGE AND OUT. 431 



A classification of the names in it, in terms of the various professions 

 and vocations, gives us the following numbers for the twenty-four 

 which seem to form the most natural divisions. Actor: male 54, 

 female 40. Artist, including illustrators: male 260, female 21. 

 Author, including writer, historian, novelist and poet: male 528, 

 female 272. Business, including the various mercantile pursuits: 

 male 200. Clergyman, including bishop, rabbi, missionary, priest, 

 salvation army and monk: male, 655, female 7. College professor, 

 including president, dean and chancellor: male 1,090 female 11. Con- 

 gressman (both senate and house), 446. Editor, including journalist, 

 critic, correspondent and reporter: male 509, female 13. Educator, 

 including superintendent, teacher, philanthropist and reformer: male 

 188, female 30. Engineer, including architect and miner: male 284. 

 Financier, including capitalist and banker : male 215. Inventor: male 

 26. Lawyer, including justice, judge, and jurist : male 857, female 4. 

 Lecturer: male 21, female 6. Librarian: male 362, female 9. Musi- 

 cian, including singer: male 111, female 21. Physician: male 540, 

 female 7. Railroad official: male 102. Sailor: 103. Scientist, includ- 

 ing naturalist : male 416, female 7. Soldier: 205. Statesman, includ- 

 ing governor, diplomat, politician and mayor: 202. U. S. official: male 

 98, female 1. Miscellaneous, running all the way from farmer to insur- 

 ance president: male 53, female 2. This classification is given in 

 order to show that there is nothing in the nature of the work to make 

 it draw more largely from the class of high-grade college men than 

 from the low because of any limitation of calling. 



The method of the present study is as follows : First, those colleges 

 were selected which have had a chapter of Phi Beta Kappa for at least 

 twenty years previous to 1900; and graduates only of those colleges are 

 considered. This selection was made because of the fact that very few 

 young men find place in 'Who's Who,' and recent graduates are prac- 

 tically excluded because of a virtual age limit. We have then as the 

 basis, the twenty-two colleges mentioned in the table (a). Next, by 

 reference to the 'Phi Beta Kappa Handbook,' the exact number of 

 living members of each chapter were ascertained (&), 8,122 for all. 

 Then by means of a comparison of these names in the ' Phi Beta Kappa 

 Handbook,' with those in 'Who's Who,' the number for each chapter 

 found in both was determined (c), i. e., the number of Phi Beta Kappa 

 men in 'Who's Who,' or the number of high-grade college men who 

 maintained a high grade in after life, according to our criterion. The 

 next column of the table (d) shows the percentage of such for each col- 

 lege, which percentages form one term of a comparison. The other term 

 was determined as follows : By various means, though largely through 

 the use of the 'World's Almanac for 1901' (figures for 1900), the total 

 number of living alumni for each of the twenty-two colleges of our 



