43 



HARDWICKE'S SCIENCE-GOSSIP. 



NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



We must remind our friends, who make use of this column, 

 that the following rules should be strictly adhered to :— 

 First. That perfect specimens be sent. Secondly. That all 

 the information as to habitat, &c, that the inquirer can give 

 should be forwarded with them. Thirdly. To bear in mind 

 that drawings, unless very perfectly executed, are useless, 

 and a tyro is very apt to omit some distinctive characteristic 

 which would enable the examiner to deeide the genus and 

 species of the object sent. Lastly. Never to send an object 

 for identification until the inquirer has used his best endea- 

 vours to find out for himself all the information he requires. 

 Questions are very frequently sent, which the slightest effort 

 on the part of the querist, in looking through some elementary 

 treatise, would have given all the knowledge required. 



Eobert Renton.— The leaf sent owes its marking to the 

 mining habits of the caterpillar of a little moth, called 

 Nepticula. See " Half-Hours in the Green Lanes," p. 18". 

 They are not uncommon objects, and the markings are due to 

 the green matter of the leaf having been eaten away between 

 the skins. 



J. Sims.— Accept our best thanks for the admirable fossil 

 sections sent as slides. 



J. M. Raine. — The double apple sent was one of the best 

 examples of the kind we have seen. For an explanation of 

 this and similar phenomena consult Dr. Masters' " Vegetable 

 Teratology." 



W, Russell.— Gosse's " Evenings with the Microscope " 

 (new edition) will prove a very useful and trustworthy book 

 for you. By all means get it, if you have Lankester's " Half- 

 Hours with the Microscope " (new edition), with chapter on 

 the Polariscope, by Fred. Kitton. 



J. Kino. — Your fossils are : 1. Head of Trilobite (PhOlipsia), 

 a mountain limestone species ; 2. Euomphala* pentangulutus ; 

 3. Spiriftr glaber; 4. Goniatites spharicus ; 5. Producta 

 punctata; 6. A fossil coral, Lithottrotion basaltiftirme. They 

 are all carboniferous limestone fossils, and may be regarded 

 as good characteristic forms. 



Miss R.— You will find the best description concerning the 

 collecting and preserving, as well as mounting of sea- weeds, 

 in an article written by Mr. W. H. Grattann, in Science- 

 Gossip for 1872. It will reappear in the handbook now 

 preparing, called " Collecting and Preserving." 



J. Turner.— Thank you for the suggestion. We are always 

 glad to receive any hints from intelligent subscribers that will 

 assist us in making the magazine more useful and interesting. 

 The subject will be taken up at no distant period. 



H. J.— The lichens inclosed are as follows : 1. Zecanora 

 parella; 2. Physcia stellaris ; 3. and 4. Physeiaptilverulenta ; 

 6. Parmelia olivacea. No. 5 is not a lichen, but a "liver- 

 wort" {Jungermannia) . — J. C. 



A. F. M., and others.— It is quite a common thingforthe 

 Brimstone, Tortoiseshell, Peacock, and other nearly allied 

 butterflies to appear on bright days in winter, even though 

 the previous days have been so extraordinarily cold. These 

 butterflies only hybernate during the winter, and are soon 

 restored by a few hours' warmth. It is a great mistake to 

 suppose they have just emerged from the chrysalis at such 

 times. 



J. Dutton. — The specimens inclosed in small phial appear 

 to be the larvae of Cyclops. 



R. B. M. (Birmingham).— You can get all the back volumes 

 of Science-Gossip, bound, by applying at the publisher's. 



T. Mills.— Get Hayward's "Botanist's Pocket-book," 

 published by Bell & Daldy. It is the best and most portable 

 of its kind we know of. 

 J. S. Harrison and others.— Answers next month. 

 Mosses. — We received a packet of six mosses (named, with 

 a query). Will the sender again forward his address? 



J. Edwards (Banff).— The photograph of the bone certainly 

 looks like the femur of the Plesiosaurut, but we should know 

 better if you would send us the measurements. Also, if it is 

 lenticular or round, as the photograph does not convey the 

 idea. 



Cecil Smith.— Your specimen was much decomposed, but 

 it appears to be the " Jew's Ear Hirneola" (Sirneula Auricula- 

 Judo-). See Cooke's " Handbook of British Fungi," vol. ii. 

 page 349. 



W. James.— The sentence is correct. No vertebrate animal 

 has more than two pairs of limbs. Only the pectoral and anal 

 fins in fishes correspond to the fore and hind limhs in other 

 animals. The other fins are not considered limbs, nor are 

 they the equivalents. 



Dr. C. — We fortunately came across the specimen of beetle 

 sent some time ago. It is Drumius linearis, Ol., very common 

 all over England.- E. C. R. 



F. H. A. — The Hepatica seems to be Marchantia poly- 

 morpha. 



R. R.— The lichens inclosed were : — I. Evernaria furfu- 

 racea; 2. Parmelia physodei, var. lahrosa; 3. Lecidea contigua 

 (state of).— J. C. 



EXCHANGES. 



Wanted, Good Injections; first-class mounted and un- 

 mounted Objects given in exchange.— Micro, 86, Week-street, 

 Maidstone. 



CoRREspoNnENCE and Exchanges wanted in Birds' Eggs 

 and Skins, and Marine Shells, with American and Colonial 

 Collectors, by J. T. T. Reed, Ryhope, Sunderland. 



For Packet of Foraminifera from west of Ireland, and 

 section of Jawbone of Indian Deer, unmounted, send goo J 

 Slide.— W. Tylar, 165, Well-street, Birmingham. 



Mounted Micro-fungi, for mounted and named Diatoms : 

 also Micro-material of all kinds required. Lists exchanged. — 

 Dr. B. Lewis, Burry Port, South Wales. 



Cassell's "Natural History," 4 vols, (unbound), and 

 Jardin's "Naturalist's Library," 11 vols, (unbound), for other 

 works on Natural History, particularly the Figuier Series. — 

 Thos. H. Hedworth, Dunston, Gateshead. 



Slides of Human Parasites, for other good Objects, 

 mounted.— Thomas Buck, 111, Corporation-road, Middles- 

 borough. 



Flora of West Cheshire, 200 species (Exogens), some 

 rare, many officinal, beautifully mounted, for Books or small 

 Microscope, &c. — Mr. Higginson, Newferry, Birkenhead. 



Wanted, fresh specimens of Nostoc; rare Mosses or 

 Lichens offered. — E. M. Holmes, 23, Mayton-street, Hollo- 

 way, N. 



Samples of Prepared Material from the Carboniferous 

 Limestone, containing Foraminifera, Polyzoa, Entomostraca, 

 remains of Echinodermata, for really good Micro Slides, one 

 sample per slide.— Apply, Rev. W. Howchin, Newgate-street, 

 Morpeth. 



Mb. Alfred Bell would be glad if any one living in the 

 Fenlands or peat district could send him any samples of stuff 

 containing Elytra and other remains of Beetles or other 

 insects; Fossils or recent Shells in exchange.— 5, Grafton- 

 street, Fitzroy-square, London. 



Red and Coralline Crag Fossils, in excellent preservation, 

 for Silurian Trilobites. Desiderata : Ogygia, Trinucleus, 

 Asaphus, Calymene, Phacops, &c— Address, T. E. J., care of 

 Editor Science-Gossip, 192, Piccadilly, London. 



A Photographic Camera Stereoscopic, with Stand, 

 Lerrebour Lens, Dark Slide, Chemicals, Glass Boxes, Trays. 

 &c, for an equivalent; asa good |-in. Object Glass, works of 

 Natural History, &c— For particulars apply to R. Battersby, 

 Esq., Carra Lake, Killarney. 



Wanted, the Fry, Young, and Vars. of Anodons and Unios, 

 for other Shells, Fluviatile or Marine. — Mr. Marshall, Fotley- 

 villa, Fotley-road, North Brixton, London. 



BOOKS, &c. RECEIVED. 



Lubbock's " British Wild Flowers, in Relation to Insects." 

 London : Macmillan. 



"The Physics and Philosophy of the Senses." By R. S. 

 Wylie. London: H. S. King & Co. 



" The Garden Oracle." By Shirley Hibberd. 



" Popular Science Review." January. 



" Monthly Microscopical Journal." 



"American Naturalist." December. 



"The Colonies." December. 



" Land and Water." December. 



" Ben Biierley's Journal." December. 



" Animal World." December. 



" Report ot the Botanical Society Record Club. 



" Journal of Applied Science." 



CORRESPONDENCE RECEIVED UP TO 12TH ULT. PROM : — 



J J C— V. K.-L T.-L. G. H.— A. W. L.— J. J. M.-T. B. 

 _W. M.-H. B— J. A. F.-C. F.— J. G. W.-J. S. H.— 

 T G. P. V.— J. F.— E. B.— T. B. B.- E. M. H.— A.B. — A. F. M. 

 —J H.-J. K.-J. T— J. H. M.— E. T. E.-J. T. T. R.— 

 W. H. W.— A. M — J W. G.— A. B— A. M.— T. H. H.— 

 K A. L— H. B. W.-Dr. B. L.— T.B.W.— H.J.— W. H.G.— 

 M. M— W.T.— W. S.— M. \V.— T. McG.-A. N— H. H.- T. P. 

 — A.S.-E. F.-<i. O. H.-K. H. A.— J. S.-W. L.— W. H. 

 -C. S.-J H.-T. E.— W. J.— Col. H., tic. 



