278 



NATURE STUDY REVIEW [9:9— Dec, 1913 



Vfentrol fin 



all eovei- 

 'Pectoijal fin 



'Gill of^ming 



1 . What is the shape of a fish when seen from above ? Where 

 is the widest part? What is its shape seen from the side? In 

 how many ways is the shape of the fish adapted for moving through 

 the water? 



2. Study the covering of the fish. In which direction do the 

 scales seem to overlap? Of what use to the fish are the scales? 

 Note a line which extends from the upper part of the gill opening, 

 along the side to the tail. 



3. How many fins has the fish? Make sketch of the goldfish 

 with all its fins and name them from the diagram on the black- 

 board. 



4. Which pair corresponds to our anns? Which to our legs? 



5. Describe the pectoral fins. How are they used? How do 

 the ventral fins assist the fish when swimming? Study the dorsal 

 fin. How many spines has it ? How many soft rays are there in 

 it? 



6. Study the anal fin. Has it any spines in front ? How many 

 rays has it ? How is this fin used when the fish is swimming ? 



7. With what fin does the fish push itself through the water? 

 Note if the tail is square, rounded or notched at the end. Are the 

 rays of the tail fin spiny or soft in character? 



8. Watch the goldfish swim and describe the action of all the 

 fins while it is in motion. In what position are the fins when the 

 fish is at rest ? 



9. Note carefully the eyes of the fish. Can you see the nostrils ? 

 Describe the mouth of the fish. 



