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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



utensils, the mill. In Fig. 5, i, the three pestles show a similar 

 evolution, from the longish pebble to the right, to the purposely 

 shaped large and symmetrical one to the left. 



The absence among the stone implements of arrow and spear 

 heads puzzled us greatly, since these objects are very generally 



Fig. 4. 



found up and down the coast. Only two decided flint arrow points 

 were found in all our work, and these were two broken points of 

 the black obsidian of Napa County, some distance north of the 

 bay, evidently an imported product (Fig. 5, h). But on stating 

 our difficulty to Mr. Horatio Rust, of Pasadena, who has made a 

 lifelong study of archaeology, especially in California, he in- 

 formed us that the Indians of this part of the country used 

 wooden points, hardened by iire, for their arrows and spears; 

 these, of course, have perished, and certain it is that in all our 

 valley we do not find these characteristic stone implements. We 

 found, however, in the course of our excavation, many sharp- 

 edged bits of rough flint which may have been used in very 

 primitive work as knives or scrapers ; and we did not fail to find 

 those mysterious objects known as " charm stones," since Mr. 

 Yates's careful study has revealed their nature. According to 

 Mr. Yates, who relies on the testimony of old Indians, these stones 

 were a part of the " medicine " of the California tribes, and used 

 in various combinations to bring rain, success in hunting, or in 

 war.* We found no other objects of superstition, unless the 



* Charm Stones, the So-called " Plummets " or " Sinkers " of California. By Dr. Lorenzo 

 Gordin Yates. Santa Barbara, California, 1890. Bulletin No. 2 of Santa Barbara Society 

 of Natural History. 



