THE RACIAL GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPE. 



581 



capacity than those in which the 

 breadth is considerable ; but the ex- 

 ceptions are so common that they 

 disprove the rule. Among the ear- 

 liest men whose remains have been 

 found in Europe, there was no ap- 

 preciable difference from the present 

 living populations. In many cases 

 these prehistoric men even surpassed 

 the present population in the size of 

 the head. The peasant and the phi- 

 losopher can not be distinguished in 

 this respect. For the same reason the 

 striking difference between the sexes, 

 the head of the man being consid- 

 erably larger than 

 that of the wom- 

 an, means nothing 

 more than avoirdu- 

 pois ; or rather it 

 seems merely to be 

 correlated with the 

 taller stature and 

 more massive frame 

 of the human male. 

 Turning to the 

 world map * on the 

 next page, show- 

 ing the geographi- 

 cal distribution of 

 the several types 



Lapp, Scandinavia. 

 Cephalic Index, 94. 



of head form 

 which we have 

 described, the 

 first fact which 

 impresses it- 

 self is of the 

 violent con- 

 trasts in the 

 eastern hemi- 

 sphere be- 

 tween Europe- 

 Asia, and the 

 two southern 

 continents Af- 



PiEDMiiNT, Northern Italy. 

 Cephalic Index, 91. 



rica and Aus- 

 tralia. Our 

 two double portraits on pages 584 and 

 585 of the broad-headed, round-faced 

 Asiatic and of the dolichocephalic, 

 long-faced negro will serve as exam- 



* This map is constructed primarily from data 

 on living men, sufficient in amount to eliminate the 

 effect of chance. Among a host of other authori- 

 ties special mention should be made of Drs. Boas, 

 on North America ; 86ren Hansen and Bessels, on 

 the Eskimos ; von den Stein en, Ten Kate, and Mar- 

 tin, on South America ; Collignon, Berenger-Feraud, 

 Deniker, and Laloy, on Africa ; Sommier and Man- 

 tegazza, on northein, Chantre and Ujfalvy, on west- 

 ern Asia ; Risley, on India ; Lubbers, Ten Kate, 



Ravat?ian Tvrot. 



