5 GIENTIFIC LIT ERA TUBE. 



709 



been added, especially in connection with the 

 physiology of the cardiac and general vascu- 

 lar nerves and of the brain. As Dr. Martin 

 says, " Physiology has not finished its course," 

 and while this volume contains all the more 

 important facts at present known about the 

 working of our bodies, it also makes it plain 

 that very much is yet to be discovered. 

 (Holt, $2.20.) 



The first and most needed reform in 

 methods of instruction called for in the educa- 

 tional revival begun by Horace Mann was the 

 substitution of something better for text- 

 book memorizing. Objects were chosen in- 

 stead of words, and " things before words " 

 became the motto. James Johonnofs Prin- 

 ciples and Practice of Teaching, in the Inter- 

 national Education Series, of which a new 

 edition lies before us, was a potent factor in 

 bringing about the above reform. He advo- 

 cated the new education as based on the meth- 

 ods of Pestalozzi. The work of revision for 

 the present volume has been done by Sarah 

 Evans Johonnot. In a few instances the 

 phraseology has been modernized, and a brief 

 sketch of the pioneer work in manual train- 

 ing has been added, to show Mr. Johonnot's 

 influence and close connection with the ear- 

 liest experiments in this country. (Apple- 

 tons, $1.50.) 



The thirty-fourth annual Report of the 

 Michigan State Board of Agricidture, as do 

 all these reports, contains a large amount of 

 interesting information, which is, however, 

 as is also usually the case, so presented as to 

 be rather difiicult of access. There are nine 

 hundred pages, and the topics range from 

 the " management of swamps " to " climbing 

 cutworms" and "five-banded bees." The 

 volume contains a portrait and sketch of T. 

 T. Lyon, Superintendent of the Michigan Ex- 

 periment Station. 



The Transactions of the American Clima- 

 tological Association for 1896 have just 

 reached us. Among the papers of special 

 interest may be mentioned: Some of the Dif- 

 ficulties of Climato-therapy, by J. B. Walker ; 

 A Plea for Moderation in our Statements re- 

 garding the Contagiousness of Pulmonary 

 Consumption, by V. Y. Bowditch ; The Cli- 

 mate of Arizona, by M. A. Rodgers ; The 

 Sanitarium or Closed Treatment in Phthisis, 

 by E. 0. Otis ; and A Study of Highly Min- 



eralized Thermal Waters in the Treatment 

 of Disease, by H. H. Schroeder. The object 

 of the association is thus stated in its con- 

 stitution : " The study of climatology and 

 hydrology, and of diseases of the respiratory 

 and circulatory organs." 



General Principles of Zoohgy, by R. Hert- 

 irig (translated by George W. Field), com- 

 prises the first or general part of the author's 

 Lehrbuch der Zoologie. When the latter vol- 

 ume first appeared there was no intention of a 

 separate publication of the general part ; but 

 it is now thought that a l)ook simply cover- 

 ing the " larger generalizations of the sub- 

 ject" will be of service and within the reach 

 of many who would not purchase the larger 

 work. The contents are well deicribed by 

 the title ; it is a manual of zoology ; there 

 are paragraph headings in larger type, and 

 the general arrangement of the text is such 

 as to facilitate its use as a text-book, if de- 

 sired. (Holt, $1.60.) 



The Elements of Physics, of Profs. Edward 

 L. Nichols and William 8. Franklin (Mac- 

 millan, $1.50), has been prepared with a view 

 to producing a text-book which shall corre- 

 spond with the increasing strength of the 

 mathematical teaching in university classes. 

 While some text-books assume that the stu- 

 dent's mathematical knowledge does not 

 reach to the calculus, and others presume so 

 much upon the mathematical training that 

 they are unreadable for nearly all under- 

 graduates, this one is intended for those who 

 possess an elementary knowledge of the cal- 

 culus. It is planned to be used in connec- 

 tion with illustrated lectures. It meets all 

 difficulties, simplifying them as much as pos- 

 sible, but not evading them. The first vol- 

 ume, on mechanics and heat, has already 

 been published. The present volume, the 

 second, concerns electricity and magnetism, 

 and a third volume is to follow. 



The second title of Mr. William Mat- 

 thews's Nugce Litterarice (or Literary Trifles) 

 Brief Essays on Literary, Social, and other 

 Themes well describes the character of the 

 book. It is a collection, without special ar- 

 rangement, of paragraphs and short essays 

 on all kinds of subjects ever bright and 

 pungent and consequently interesting, always 

 containing at least one good thought, often 

 witty and more frequently suggestive, and 



