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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



munes, proving that in so far as Baden itself is concerned there 

 is no doubt about the increased broad-headedness as one pene- 

 trates the innermost recesses of the Schwarzwald. 



For Wlirtemberg and the Neckar Valley we have no modern 

 researches upon living men to offer as evidence. In place of it 

 we possess results obtained upward of thirty years ago from a 

 study of the crania of modern populations.* At that time von 



Holder discovered th.e existence of 

 two distinct types of head form in 

 the population of Swabia, and he 

 found them severally clustering 

 about the two " areas " outlined 

 upon the map. In the northern one, 

 lying just outside the old Roman 

 wall which cut diagonally across 

 the map from the southeast not far 

 from Stuttgart, he found traces of 

 a long-headed population, deemed 

 by him typical of the barbarians of 

 Germany. Within the " Limes Rc- 

 manus" were mixed populations in- 

 fused with Roman characteristics, 

 but pointing to an isolated center of 

 broad-headedness. This is shown 

 by the " Alpine area." It will be 

 observed at once that these results 

 for Wlirtemberg and Baden are a check upon one another, despite 

 the fact that the two researches were made over thirty years 

 apart one upon skulls, the other upon living men. That in this 

 Black Forest area of isolation we have to do with an island of the 

 Alpine type is also rendered more probable by the relative short- 

 ness of its people. Our next paper will deal with bodily stature as 

 an ethnic trait. We may here anticipate enough to assert that a 

 tall stature is one of the most constant characteristics of the Teu- 

 tonic type. The Alpine race is distinctly shorter. Therefore this 

 third physical trait helps to confirm us in our deduction. 



Ali'i^e TvrE. Ccpliiilic Index, 87. 



clear across to the eastern frontier of Baden, the eastern or upland half was as much 

 broader-headed than the western Rhine half as separate districts lying along the east were 

 above others along the Rhine. In such cases the technical averages have been split up 

 into two others conforming in general with the averages for those districts which really 

 follow the topographical features of the country. 



* Dr. von Holder, in Archiv fiir Anthropologic, vol. ii, p. 50. The indicated " Alpine " 

 and " Teutonic Areas " are mapped from his enumeration of the communes in which he 

 asserted the several types to be most prevalent. As such the results can not be more than 

 roughly approximate. That they accord so fully with the data for Baden gives hope that 

 the true conditions are represented. 



