THE PHYSIOLOGY OF ALCOHOL. 



805 



function, the psycliic-volitional side of life, we are at once met 

 by the difficulty of lacking terms and measures with which to 

 express in verbal descriptions but a small fraction of the truth. 



This has been my reason for supplementing descrij^tions with 

 as many photographs as possible. And if the reader will study 

 closely the expression of each face through the whole series, 

 especially if he be somewhat familiar with dogs' faces, he will 

 get the best idea that I am able to give by any expression within 

 my power of the difference between the alcoholic and normal dogs 

 in just this important respect, the vigor, the " life," the " go " that 

 is in them. Look at the faces in Figs. 6, 8, and 14, and in all 

 the rest, and come to any conclusion you can or wish. It will 

 not be possible for me to say anything which shall change it. 



It was not until alcohol had been given for nearly two months, 

 early in July, that it became quite noticeable that Tipsy and 

 Bum were a little quieter than the others. This became gradually 

 more marked. By September they were rather often caught nap- 

 ping in the shade, while Topsy and Nig were playing actively. 

 They had developed also a cringing, trembling timidity, for which 



'"'^J 



Uum. 



Tipsy. Nig. 



Fig. 14. October, 1896. 



Topsy II. 



nothing either in my treatment of them or in their relations to 

 the other dogs could possibly account. Whipping was most care- 

 fully avoided from the first, a spat from the open hand being my 

 limit of severity. If a switch was used, it was to strike the ground 

 or the fence and not the dog. Practically they have received 

 nothing but assuring caresses at my hand, and still this unac- 



