YELLO^Y FEVER AND MOSQUITOES. 235 



sible, any thorough circulation of the air within the house. They were closed 

 by permanent wire screens of .5 mm. mesh. In addition sliding glass sash were 

 provided within and hea\-y wooden shutters without; the latter intended to 

 prevent the entrance of sunlight into the building, as it was not deemed de- 

 sirable that the disinfecting qualities of sunlight, direct or diffused, should at 

 any time be exerted on the articles of clothing contained within this room. En- 

 trance was effected through a small vestibule, 3x5 feet, also placed on the 

 southern side of the house. This vestibule was protected without by a solid 

 door and was divided in its middle by a wire screen door, svmng on spring 

 hinges. The inner entrance was also closed by a second wire screen door. In 

 this way the passage of mosquitoes into this room was effectually excluded. 

 During the day, and until after sunset, the house was kept securely closed, while 

 by means of a suitable heating apparatus the temperature was raised to 92° to 

 95° F. Precaution was taken at the same time to maintain a sufficient humidity 

 of the atmosphere. The average temperature of this house was thus kept at 

 76.2° F. for a period of sixty-three days. 



Nov. 30, 1900, the building now being ready for occupancy, three large 

 boxes filled with sheets, pillow-slips, blankets, etc., contaminated by contact 

 with cases of yellow fever and their discharges were received and placed therein. 

 The majority of the articles had been taken from the beds of patients sick with 

 yellow fever at Las Animas Hospital, Havana, or at Columbia Barracks. Many 

 of them had been purposely soiled with a liberal quantity of black vomit, urine, 

 and fecal matter. A dirty 'comfortable' and a much-soiled pair of blankets, re- 

 moved from the bed of a patient sick with yellow fever in the town of Quemados, 

 were contained in one of these boxes. The same day, at 6 p. m., Dr. R. P. Cooke, 

 Acting Assistant-Surgeon U. S. A., and two privates of the hospital corps, all 

 non-immune young Americans, entered this building and deliberately unpacked 

 these boxes, which had been tightly closed and locked for a period of two weeks. 

 They were careful at the same time to give each article a thorough handling and 

 shaking, in order to disseminate through the air of the room the specific agent 

 of yellow fever, if contained in these fomites. These soiled sheets, pillow-cases, 

 and blankets were used in preparing the beds in which the members of the hos- 

 pital corps slept. Various soiled articles were hung around the room and placed 

 about the bed occupied by Dr. Cooke. 



From this date until Dec. 19, 1900, a period of twenty days, this room was 

 occupied each night by these three non-immunes. Each morning the various 

 soiled articles were carefully packed in the aforesaid boxes, and at night again 

 unpacked and distributed about the room. During the day the residents of this 

 house were permitted to occupy a tent pitched in the immediate vicinity, but 

 were kept in strict quarantine. 



December 12, a fourth box of clothing and bedding was received from Las 

 Animas Hospital. These articles had been used on the beds of yellow- fever 

 patients, but in addition had been purposely soiled with the bloody stools of a 

 fatal case of this disease. As this box had been packed for a number of days, 

 when opened and impacked by Dr. Cooke and his assistants, on December 12th, 

 the odor was so offensive as to compel them to retreat from the house. They 

 pluckily returned, however, within a short time and spent the night as usual. 



December 19 these three non-immimes were placed in quarantine for five 

 days and then given the liberty of the camp. All had remained in perfect 

 health, notwithstanding their stay of twenty nights amid such unwholesome sur- 

 roundings. 



During the week, December 20-27, the following articles were also placed in 

 this house, viz.: pajamas suits, 1; undershirts, 2; night-shirts, 4; pillow-slips, 



