26o POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



lack-luster, and crisp-woolly crown of hair."* Among these peculiari- 

 ties the lack-luster is unimportant, since it is due to want of care and 

 uncleanliness. On the contrary, the other data furnish true characters 

 of the hair, and among them the crisp-woolly peculiarity is most 

 valuable. 



On the terms Vool' and Voolly' severe controversies, which have 

 not 5^et closed, have taken place among ethnologists during the last 

 ten years. Also the lack of care, especially the absence of the comb, 

 has here acted as a disturbing cause in the decision. But there is yet 

 a set of peoples, which were formerly included, that are now being 

 gradually disassociated, especially the Australians and the Veddahs, 

 whose hair, by means of special care, appears quite wavy if not 

 entirely sleek and smooth. Generally it is frowzy and matted, so 

 that its natural form is difficult to recognize. To it is wanting the 

 chief peculiarity, which obtrudes itself in the African blacks so char- 

 acteristically that the compact spiral form which it assumes from its 

 root, the so-called ^pepper-corn,' is selected as the preferable mark 

 of the race. The peculiar nappy head has its origin in the spiral 

 'rollchen.' As to the Asiatic blacks this has been for a long time 

 known among the Andamanese; it has lately been noticed upon the 

 Sakai of Malacca, and it is to be found also among the Negritos of the 

 Philippines, as can be shown by specimens. Therefore, if we seek 

 ethnic relationships for the Negritos of the Philippines, or as they are 

 named, the Aetas (Etas, Itas), such connections obtrude themselves 

 with the stocks named, and the more strongly since they all have 

 brachy cephalic, relatively small (nannocephalic) heads and through 

 their small size attach themselves to the peculiar dwarf tribes. 



1 might here comment on the singular facts that the Andaman 

 Islands are situated near the Nicobars in the Indian Ocean, but that 

 the populations on both sides of them are entirely different. In my 

 own detailed descriptions which treat of the skulls and the hair 

 specially,! it is affirmed that the typical skull shape of the Nicobarese 

 is dolichocephalic and that "their hair stands between the straight 

 hair of the Mongoloid and the sleek, though slightly curved or wavy, 

 hair of the Malayan and Indian peoples" ; their skin color is relatively 

 dark, but only so much so as is peculiar to the tribes of India. With 

 the little blacks of the Andamans there is not the slightest agreement. 

 In this we have one of the best evidences against the theory of 

 Waitz-Gerland that the differences in physical appearance are to be 

 attributed to variation merely. I will, however, so as not to be 

 misunderstood, expressly emphasize that I am not willing to declare 



* Die Philippine!! ui!d ihre Bcwohi!er, Wiirzbiirg, 1869, p. 49. 

 fVerhandl. der Berliner Antlirop. Gesellschaft, 1885, pp. 104, 109. 



