NATIONAL CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS 437 



would cover the same ground for the prevention of the importation of 

 insect pests. 



But more stringent, sweeping and effectual than either of these laws 

 are those establishing and denning the duties and powers of the Bureau 

 of Animal Industry of the Department of Agriculture. 3 



These laws and regulations empower the Bureau of Animal In- 

 dustry to inspect all import and export domestic animals and all sub- 

 ject to interstate commerce for dangerous diseases. They empower it 

 to proceed to stamp out such diseases as are deemed dangerous and to 

 purchase diseased animals at a fair appraisal when necessary to stamp 

 out a disease. In this work the bureau may and has repeatedly quar- 

 antined different states and sections of states. At the present time, the 

 regulations of the bureau prohibit the movement of cattle from counties 

 south of the Texas Fever Line to other counties within the same 

 state, whether the cattle are for interstate commerce or not. These 

 laws and regulations have been tested in the courts and so far have been 

 held constitutional. 



Furthermore, congress appropriates for the Bureau of Animal In- 

 dustry a sum which is specifically for the control of outbreaks of disease. 

 By this means the bureau was able to proceed at once against the foot 

 and mouth disease in New England in 1902. A deficiency appropria- 

 tion was at once authorized by the next congress (for $500,000, ap- 

 proved December 22, 1902), which enabled the work to proceed with- 

 out delay. A similar amount was included in the regular appropria- 

 tion for the bureau for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1904, but the 

 work had been so thoroughly done under the previous appropriation 

 for such work prior to that time that but little of the last appropriation 

 of $500,000 was used. It was a portion of this unused balance, 

 $250,000, which was subsequently appropriated for the investigation 

 of the boll weevil and cotton culture. 



Not only do the regulations prohibit the movement of diseased cattle 

 or any cattle from a quarantined state or section, either by shipment 

 or by driving, but they prohibit allowing cattle to drift from one section 

 to another. Furthermore, any hay, straw or other material which may 

 harbor disease from a quarantined area may be entirely regulated by 

 the bureau. 



3 See Regulations of the Secretary of Agriculture governing the inspection, 

 disinfection, certification, treatment, handling, and method and manner of de- 

 livery and shipment of live stock, which is the subject of interstate commerce, 

 1905. Issued under authority conferred on the Secretary of Agriculture by the 

 acts of Congress approved May 29, 1884, February 2, 1903, and March 3, 1905 

 — which acts are printed in it. Also, see Administrative Work of the Federal 

 Government in Relation to the Animal Industry, by G. F. Thompson, 16th 

 Annual Report, Bureau of Animal Industry, 1899, pp. 102-125, and Federal 

 Inspections of Foreign and Interstate Shipments of Live Stock, by D. E. Salmon, 

 D.V.M., 18th Ann. Rept., Bur. Anim. Ind., 1901, pp. 237-249. 



