APPLE VARIATION 161 



The second specimen of this kind was a Mcintosh apple from the 

 experiment station orchard. In this case the larger portion of the sur- 

 face was of the normal red color of the variety, but a segment of about 

 one third of the surface was very light in color, faintly streaked with 

 pink. The two sections of the surface were clearly marked off from 

 each other, though the lines of demarcation were not quite so sharp and 

 regular as in the specimen already described. The light-colored seg- 

 ment covered approximately two carpels of the core, although the open 

 nature of the Mcintosh core made it more difficult to determine that 

 point accurately in this apple than in the other. Each part of the core 

 contained four seeds. Two of these were abnormal and will be described 

 farther on in this paper. 



A poorly colored apple of the Arkansas variety received from White 

 Salmon had a brownish red band extending from stem to calyx, covering 

 a fifth of the surface. On the opposite side of the apple was a similar 

 streak, but only about an eighth of an inch wide. The dark portion 

 included one carpel containing a single seed, while the remainder of the 

 fruit contained but one good seed. A Winesap from the Yakima Valley 

 had on the lighter-colored side a deep red stripe covering about an 

 eighth of the surface and including one carpel. This portion of the 

 core contained one seed while there were seven seeds in the remainder 

 of the fruit. A Eome grown at Pullman had half of the surface of a 

 nearly solid red color, the remainder being green with red splashes. The 

 lighter portion contained three seeds and the dark part two. A second 

 specimen of Eome from Pullman had a dark area covering two carpels, 

 an area of moderately light color, also covering two carpels, and a still 

 lighter portion covering one carpel which was seedless. The other por- 

 tions contained three seeds each. The seeds from the differently colored 

 portions of all these apples were saved separately and planted in the 

 hope of obtaining some light in regard to the significance of such 

 abnormalities. 



Turning from freaks of color, we will next consider some apples of 

 abnormal structure. The doubling of fruits or the multiplication of 

 parts is a variation of less common occurrence in the apple than in 

 some other species. Certain varieties of the plum, for example, ordi- 

 narily produce a fairly large proportion of double fruits. These result 

 from the presence of two complete pistils in a single blossom. Analogous 

 cases of polycarpy occur in the apple, though less frequently than in the 

 stone fruits. Apples having six carpels have come under my notice in 

 the Grimes, Eome, Gano, Delicious, Chelan and Yellow Newtown varie- 

 ties, and I have observed blossoms of the Golden Sweet having six pistils. 

 The Yellow Newtown seems especially prone to this kind of variation 

 and a number of specimens were found the past season containing six 

 carpels, and in one instance a fruit with seven carpels was noted. The 



