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THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 



The Medical School of the University of Liverpool. 



known in Europe until after the discovery of America, it has been 

 epidemic many times in the United States, in places ranging from 

 Pensacola to Boston. An excellent account of the last epidemic, which 

 occurred in New Orleans, in 1905, has been written by Sir Hubert 

 Boyce, the Dean of the Liverpool School. 



Three expeditions have been sent from Liverpool to study yellow 

 fever, and all the members of both expeditions to Brazil were stricken 

 with the disease. Dr. Walter Meyer, a member of the first expedi- 

 tion, and a young man of great promise, died of the fever. One of the 

 members of the second expedition had a severe attack of the disease, 

 followed by disagreeable and disfiguring complications. His mis- 

 fortunes did not end Here; for, during convalescence, the river boat on 

 which he was being carried sank and he barely escaped with his life, 

 only to meet still further disasters in another land. Dr. Thomas, the 

 other member of this expedition, has succeeded in conveying the disease 

 to the chimpanzee by the bites of infected mosquitoes, thus affording 

 a lower animal to take the place of the human sacrifices made to dis- 

 cover the cause, and also offering a hope for a cure. 



A third disease spread by mosquitoes is filariasis, a worm infection 

 of the lymphatics and of the blood. The work of the school in this 

 direction has been to describe a number of new species of filaria found 

 in birds. This work is said to be in large part due to the observations 

 of the late Dr. J. Everett Dutton, who so soon afterward made such 

 important discoveries concerning two diseases of Central Africa. 



The first of these African diseases, sleeping sickness, is spread by 

 one of the biting tsetse flies. The cause of the infection, which had 



