INSECTS AND ENTOMOLOGISTS 475 



is done ; but because it was carried into fields not theretofore frequented 

 by American entomologists. His labors on the fossil insects of America 

 are unique, and his collection of material for further work is immense. 

 Of his systematic papers on orthoptera and his accomplishments in 

 other directions I will not speak at present. 



All these men paved the way — they made the studies necessary to 

 familiarize us with the insects round about us, and theirs is the labor 

 that is not spectacular and whose apparent results are not of public 

 interest : yet such work we must have as a foundation for what we con- 

 sider the more practical side of the subject. 



First among the economic entomologists of this country we must 

 reckon Dr. Thaddeus William Harris, whose work on the " Insects 

 Injurious to Vegetation " is a classic and, like most of the classics, was 

 a labor of love rather than a money-making proposition. The state of 

 Massachusetts paid him $200 for that work. Since that time it has 

 learnt to pay rather more highly for entomologists, and nowhere have 

 insects done more injury nor have they anywhere demanded the ex- 

 penditure of greater sums. Harris's work is not only intensely prac- 

 tical, but it is interesting and informing — as useful to the beginning 

 collector and entomologist as to the agriculturist, and always accurate. 



Quite a different sort of man was Towxexd Glover, for a series 

 of years entomologist to the U. S. Department of Agriculture, who wrote 

 comparatively little, but used his pencil industriously; producing a 

 perfectly enormous number of drawings of insects in all stages, and 

 engraving them on plates from which only a very few impressions were 

 taken. Unfortunately, Glover had almost no systematic knowledge 

 of insects, and while he made excellent pictures of the specimens as 

 they appeared to him, he had not the slightest idea as to the identity 

 of the insects figured, nor did he preserve the originals. 



Dr. Asa Fitch, of New York, was a man of different type. A 

 hard worker and hard student, industrious, of course, he studied not 

 only those species that his field work demonstrated to him as injurious, 

 but their allies and neighbors, and with a sure glance he fixed upon 

 certain of the hemipterous families as entitled to the special consid- 

 eration of the economic worker. Dr. Fitch's reports as state ento- 

 mologist initiated a work in that state which has not been abandoned 

 since, and which has put it among the leaders in organizations for 

 entomological work. 



Meanwhile, in the middle west the ravages of insects had developed 

 new needs and new workers, and Walsh, Eiley and LeBaron, began to 

 make themselves felt, and really to develop a science of economic ento- 

 mology. 



Benjamin Dann Walsh, of Illinois, had a career much too short, 

 and it terminated before he had more than shown his vigor and orig- 



