76 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1898. 



THE SUMMER BIRDS OF SUSQUEHANNA COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. 

 BY FRANCIS R. COPE, JR. 1 



Since the publication of Dr. Dwight's paper on the " Summei 

 Birds of the Crest of the Pennsylvania Alleghenies," (Auk, IX, 

 April, 1892), and Mr. Stone's on the " Summer Birds of Harvey's 

 Lake, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania," (Proc. Acad. Nat. ScL 

 Phila., 1891, pp. 431-438) 2 no detailed account has appeared of the 

 summer birds of the northeastern part of the State, although it has 

 generally been supposed that the fauna of this region partook 

 largely of the nature of the North Mountain district, with perhaps 

 a slightly stronger tinge of the Canadian element. Indeed, on the 

 faunal map attached to Mr. Stone's volume on the " Birds of 

 eastern Pennsylvania and New Jersey" 3 almost the whole of Sus- 

 quehanna County is included in what is known as the Canadian 

 fauna. 



The present paper, based on several years study of the birds of 

 the county, and including only such species as have been observed 

 during the breeding season, s»y from June 15th to the second week 

 in July, shows, I think, that the fauna of Susquehanna County, al- 

 though it has a strong tinge of this Canadian element, possesses it 

 to a less marked degree than the mountainous region further south. 

 This fact may doubtless be accounted for by the absence of any very 

 extensive hemlock forests, such as those found around Harvey's 

 Lake and on North Mountain. 



Reference to a map will show that Susquehanna County is sit- 

 uated in the northeastern part of Pennsylvania, between latitude 

 41° 40' and 42°. It is part of the Allegheny and Pocono plateaux, 

 and may be described as a hilly, rocky country, iuterspersed with 

 innumerable small valleys. With the exception of many small 



1 Read before the Delaware Valley Ornithological Club at the Academy of 

 Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 



2 Since the above was written, a paper has been published bearing on this 

 subject, entitled " Summer Birds of northern Elk County, Pennsylvania," by 

 William L. Baily, [Auk, XIII, October, 1896). 



3 " Birds of eastern Pennsylvania and New Jersey," by Witmer Stone, pub- 

 lished by the D. V. O. Club, Philadelphia, 1894. 



