204 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1898. 



Catholic priest in Koloa and built the Roman Catholic Mission 

 buildings. We saw all the picture rocks exposed ; you have only 

 seen a part of them to-day. The priest went home with me from 

 Keoneloa and talked with my father, Walewale, and with my grand- 

 father, and also with a number of other old natives (in those days 

 there were many old people in the land) about the drawings. They 

 had all seen the pictures but had never heard who cut them, or why 

 they were done. The oldest folks said that their fathers and grand- 

 fathers had told them that the pictures had always been there." 



The sand-hills to the west of Keoneloa are said to have been old 

 battle-fields. They were certainly used as burial grounds as we 

 know. 2 



Fugitives from the Oahu wars are said to have landed at Keone- 

 loa and to have been killed and buried in these sand-hills by Koloa 

 natives. 



Alexander, in his " Brief History of the Hawaiian People," Chap. 

 15, says "About the end of the 13th century, Kalaunuiohua, a war- 

 like and ambitious Moi (King) of Hawaii, undertook to subdue the 

 whole group ... he defeated the leading chiefs of Maui, Molo- 

 kai and Oahu. ... he set sail for Kauai . . . and landed near 

 Koloa, where he was met by Kukona, at the head of the warriors of 

 Kauai, and was totally defeated, his fleet being taken, his army de- 

 stroyed. It was about this time that a vessel called 'Mamala' in 

 the tradition, arrived at Kahului, in Maui. The captain and crew 

 are said to have been foreigners of light complexion, with bright 

 eyes, who intermarried with the natives and became progenitors of 

 a light colored stock. As there were no Europeans in the Pacific 

 Ocean in the 13th century, it is most probable, as Judge Fornander 

 has suggested, that these foreigners were the crew of some Japanese 

 iunk, driven out of its course by a typhoon, and drifted to these 

 shores, as has twice happened in recent times. Also, about the year 

 1527-28, Spaniards, a man and his sister, were saved from a wreck 

 on Hawaii . . . they intermarried with the natives and became 

 the progenitors of certain well-known families of chiefs, such as that 

 of Kaikeowa, former Governor of Kauai." 



Jarvis, in his history of the islands, says, " Cook found in the 

 possession of the natives of Kauai two pieces of irou, one a portion 

 of a hoop, and the other appeared to be part of the blade of a broad- 

 sword." " The knowledge and use of iron was generally known." 



Kauila's story would take us back to the early part of the 17th 

 century, without a tradition of the workers. 



The cross and the flag (?) 3 make me think that foreigners may 

 have had a hand in the work, or may have given the natives, if 

 they did the work, a knowledge of those emblems. Were it not for 

 them one might think that the pictures were done by a party of 



1 We obtained, when with Mr. Farley, a number of bones and one complete 

 skeleton. 



3 Referring to the drawing sent with the letter. 



