BUSINESS, FRIENDSHIP, AND CHARITY. 75 



with the other, and this sympathy or fellow-feeling is the basis of 

 that relation known as Friendship. This sympathy, leading to 

 the desire on the part of those between whom it exists that the 

 life of each shall be free from discomfort and annoyance, prompts 

 the doing of kindly acts one for another. These acts are fre- 

 quently the dispensing of hospitality ; they frequently are the 

 extending of aid in misfortune and adversity, and, now and then, 

 result in the sharing of fortune, to a greater or less extent, by one 

 more richly endowed with the means for the satisfaction of his 

 material needs, with those to whom he is bound by this sympathy 

 of friendship. It will be perceived, therefore, that when a person, 

 prompted by this sympathy, contributes to the material welfare 

 of another, that other receives from his gift benefit that he might 

 not otherwise obtain, except as the reward of effort toward the 

 satisfaction of the material needs of mankind. Thus friendship 

 bestows what otherwise would not be obtained but through the 

 channels of business. 



Akin in a measure to that sympathy which prompts acts of 

 kindness which inure to the benefit of "one's friends, is that sym- 

 pathy which prompts acts of charity intended to inure to the 

 benefit of the needy and unfortunate of those who, whether by 

 reason of bodily, mental, or moral defects, or by the grinding 

 force of untoward circumstance, live in misery. The giving of 

 alms to a beggar, the contribution to a hospital, asylum, or mis- 

 sionary fund, springing from this feeling of sympathy, have 

 directly or indirectly for their object the bettering of the mate- 

 rial condition of the beneficiaries. 



As the actions prompted by the desire for pecuniary gain, 

 many of the actions prompted by friendship, and the actions 

 prompted by charity have for their object the satisfaction of the 

 desires of others, the conferring of benefit upon others, it is proper 

 to consider to what extent, in what manner, and under what con- 

 ditions one should confer benefit upon or receive benefit from 

 others. 



It has been demonstrated by the greatest philosophers that 

 the highest end to be attained by each individual for the good of 

 himself and the good of civilization is the greatest harmonious 

 physical, mental, and moral development of which he is capable. 

 The benefits conferred by each individual upon others should 

 therefore be such as to lead to this end for each of the beneficia- 

 ries, and the benefits received by each individual from others 

 should lead to this end for him. 



To its wholesome use, as well as to its highest development, is 

 essential that the body receive that food and clothing and the 

 bodily organs that alternate exercise and rest that promote regu- 

 larity and fullness of the vital processes ; that nerves and muscles 



