LITERARY NOTICES. 



127 



glacial investigation in America, where some 

 of the fullest researches have been made, 

 the author engaged Prof. T. C. Chamberlin 

 to prepare a summary of the American evi- 

 dence, which is presented in the forty-first 

 and forty-second chapters of the book. An in- 

 teresting confirmation of the author's con- 

 clusions, drawn most largely from observa- 

 tions of British geology, is afforded by those 

 of Prof. Peunck, of Vienna, which are similar, 

 though derived from the study of a different 

 field the Alpine lands. 



Geological Survey of New Jersey. An- 

 nual Report of the State Geologist 

 for the Year 1893. By John C. Smock, 

 State Geologist. Trenton: John L. Mur- 

 phy Publishing Company. Pp. 45*7. 



The survey for 1893 was engaged in the 

 continuation of the work on the surface 

 formations of the State, on the greensand 

 marl beds and the associated bed of the 

 Cretaceous and Tertiary ages, on the study of 

 stream flow and the general questions of 

 water supply and water power, and on the 

 examination of the clays of the State ; and 

 the collection of artesian or deep-bored well 

 records was continued. The study of the 

 surface geology by Prof. Rollin D. Salisbury 

 was carried on mostly in the northern and 

 central parts of the State. One of its fruits 

 is the preparation of maps of the surface 

 formations, separate from that of the under- 

 lying strata, in the beginning of the publi- 

 cation of which New Jersey leads. These 

 maps may be said to make a new series, dis- 

 tinct from the topographic maps by their 

 geology, and from the older geological maps 

 in the absence of any representation of the 

 older and underlying rock formations, except 

 where they crop out and make the surface. 

 They show the nature of the soils and sub- 

 soils in general, and the deposits of sands, 

 gravel, peat, shell marls, and other earthy 

 beds, and also the bowlder-covered areas of 

 the glacial drift. The work in the green- 

 sand marl belt and in the newer formations 

 of the Tertiary age overlying the marl beds 

 was continued, in co-operation with the 

 United States Geological Survey, under the 

 charge of Prof. William B. Clark. The sur- 

 vey of the crystalline rocks of the Highlands 

 was carried on by the United States Survey, 

 and was in charge of Dr. J. E. Wolff. The 



subjects of water supply and water power 

 were further investigated and studied by Mr. 

 C. C. Vermeule, and the collection and tabu- 

 lation of data for the volume of water supply 

 were carried forward. Mr. Vermeule has 

 prepared a map of the State showing the 

 water sheds which are utilized for public 

 water systems and those which are still 

 available. Mr. Lewis Woolman has con- 

 tinued to collect the records of artesian wells 

 put down in the southern part of the State ; 

 and his report contains, in addition, historical 

 notes of wells and important generalizations 

 on the water-bearing beds or horizons. 

 Progress is reported in drainage surveys, 

 and surveys for the reclamation of tide- 

 marsh lands. Attention has been given to 

 the adaptation of the trap ridges and high- 

 land regions to the purpose of natural parks 

 and forest reservations. The last part of 

 the report is devoted to a list of the useful 

 minerals and mineral subtances which occur 

 naturally in the State, and to notes on the 

 localities and modes of occurrence. The vol- 

 ume contains the map showing water sheds, 

 and is accompanied by a tube containing 

 maps illustrating the distribution of intra- 

 morainic and extra-morainic drift ; of the 

 extinct Lake Passaic ; showing glacial striae 

 on the Palisade range ; and of the vicinity 

 of Hibernia, in the ore district. 



General Hancock. By General Francis A. 

 Walker. Great Commanders Series. 

 New York : D. Appleton & Co. Pp. 332. 

 Price, $1.50. 



In telling the story of Hancock's life and 

 military career General Walker draws atten- 

 tion to the fact that Hancock never command- 

 ed a separate army, and hence was never re- 

 sponsible for the plan, but only for the exe- 

 cution of the part intrusted to him, in the 

 operations of the army with which he was 

 connected. Hence he is to be estimated as 

 an executive officer and not as a strategist: 

 In two chapters his life is brought down to 

 the great rebellion. Winfield Scott Han- 

 cock was the son of a lawyer who prac- 

 ticed a few miles out of Philadelphia. He 

 went through West Point with the class of 

 1844, and served in the Mexican War, which 

 began a couple of years after he graduated. 

 From the evacuation of the city of Mexico 

 until the civil war Hancock served much of 



