DR. DANIEL HACK TUKE. 



625 



Ridgway for certain other birds in southern Illinois and by Dr. 

 Elliott Coues. The latter has observed that the note of Nuttall's 

 whip-poor-will differs from that of the eastern whip-poor-will in 

 that the western species " does not cry ' Whip-poor-will/ like " 

 the eastern species, but " drops a syllable, saying ' Whip-poor/ or 

 ' Poor-will/ as the fancy of the hearer may interpret." Moreover, 

 the practice of mocking the hawk is, at present at least, confined, 

 so far as I know, to the individuals of such a limited area this 

 one town that with Mr. Ridgway we must believe this peculiarity 

 exhibited by the blue jay to be scarcely the " manifestation of a 

 regional impress." 



DR. DANIEL HACK TUKE. 



T^R. DANIEL HACK TUKE, the distinguished English alien- 

 -L^ ist and editor of the Journal of Mental Science, who died 

 early in March, 1895, was a grandson of William Tuke, the founder 

 of the York Retreat, and one of the earliest English workers in 

 the humane treatment of the insane, and was born in York, April 

 19, 1827. He was a delicate 

 child, of high spirit, and 

 with a turn for investigat- 

 ing; pertinently to which 

 the story is told of him 

 that he once carried the 

 family cat to the woods 

 and left it there, expecting 

 to find it again some day a 

 wild cat. His father being 

 a member of the Society of 

 Friends, he was sent to 

 their school, and afterward 

 to Bradford to study law. 

 Three months' experience 

 in this occupation showed 

 that he had no taste for the 

 law, and he was allowed to 

 gratify his own inclination 

 and study medicine. He 

 held the post of steward at 

 the York Retreat ; entered St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 

 in 1849 ; became a member of the Royal College of Surgeons in 

 1852 ; was graduated M. D. at Heidelberg in 1853 ; visited the asy- 

 lums of Holland, Germany, and France ; and in 1857 published 

 his first book, an account of these visits. He was next appointed 



VOL. XLTII. 52 



