NEW CHAPTERS IN THE WARFARE OF SCIENCE. 457 



clared, " These things have so effectually frightened the clergy 

 that I think there is scarcely a Bishop on the bench, unless it be 

 the Bishop of St. David's (Thirl wall), that is not useless for the 

 purpose of preventing the widespread alienation of intelligent 

 men." 



During the whole controversy, and for some time afterward, 

 the press was burdened with replies, ponderous and pithy, vitri- 

 olic and unctuous, but in the main bearing the inevitable char- 

 acteristics of pleas for inherited opinions stimulated by ample 

 endowments. 



The authors of the book seemed for a time likely to be swept 

 out of the Church. One of the least daring but most eminent, 

 finding himself apparently forsaken, seemed, though a man of 

 very tough fiber, about to die of a broken heart ; but sturdy Eng- 

 lish sense at last prevailed. The storm passed, and afterward 

 came the still, small voice. Really sound thinkers throughout 

 England, especially those who held no briefs for conventional 

 orthodoxy, recognized the service rendered by the book. It was 

 found that, after all, there existed even among churchmen a great 

 mass of public opinion in favor of giving a full hearing to the 

 reverent expression of honest thought, and inclined to distrust 

 any cause which subjected fair play to zeal. 



The authors of the work not only remained in the Church of 

 England, but some of them have since represented the broader 

 views, though not always with their early courage, in the highest 

 and most influential positions in the Anglican Church.* 



* For the origin of Essays and Reviews, see Edinburgh Review, April, 1861, p. 463. 

 For the reception of the book, see the Westminster Review, October, 1860. For the attack 

 on it by Bishop Wilberforce, see his article in the Quarterly Review, January, 1861 ; for 

 additional facts, Edinburgh Review, April, 1861, pp. 461 et seq. For action on the book by 

 Convocation, see Dublin Review, May, 1861, citing Jelf ct al. ; also, Davidson's Life of 

 Archbishop Tait, vol. i, chap. xii. For the Archiepiscopal Letter, see Dublin Review, as 

 above; also, Life of Bishop Wilberforce by his son, London, 1882, vol. iii, pp. 4, 5. D, is 

 there stated that Wilberforce drew up the letter. For curious inside views of the Essays 

 and Reviews controversy, including the course of Bishop Hampden, Tait, et al., see Life of 

 Bishop Wilberforce, by his son, as above, pp. 3-11; also 141-149. For the denunciation 

 of the present Bishop of London (Temple) as a "leper," etc., see ibid., pp. 319, 320. For 

 general treatment of Temple, see Fraser's Magazine, December, 1869. For very interesting 

 correspondence, see Davidson's Life of Archbishop Tait, as above. For Archdeacon Deni- 

 son's speeches, see ibid., vol. i, p. 302. For Dr. Pusey's letter to Bishop Tait, urging con- 

 viction of the Essayists and Reviewers, ibid., p. 314. For the striking letters of Dr. Tem- 

 ple, ibid., pp. 29i) et seq.; also, The Life and Letters of Dean Stanley. For replies, see 

 Cliarge of the Bishop of Oxford, 1863; also, Replies to Essays and Reviews, Parker, Lon- 

 don, with preface by Wilberforce; also, Aids to Faith, edited by the Bishop of Gloucester, 

 London, 1861; also, those by Jelf, Burgon, ct al. For the legal proceedings, see Quarterly 

 Review, April, 1864 ; also Davidson, as above. For Bishop Thirlwall's speech, see Chronicles 

 of Convocation, quoted in Life of Tait, vol. i, p. 320. For Tait's tribute to Thirlwall, see 

 Life of Tait, vol. i, p. 325. For a remarkably able review, and in most charming form, of 

 vol. xlvii. 37 



