158 TEE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 



graduate loyalty to the college in securing new instructors and pro- 

 fessors. The result has been an undue proportion of their own alumni 

 on faculties. Inbreeding in college faculties is as disastrous as it is 

 elsewhere. The colleges are doomed to continued inefficiency unless 

 salaries are increased a great deal more than most boards of trustees now 

 have in mind. The college professor does not need to live in style, but 

 he needs money just as much as many who do so live — he needs it for 

 actual professional efficiency. 



Not only does lack of funds hamper a college in securing a scholarly 

 faculty ; it means also more or less deficiency in the material equipment 

 the faculty has to work with. Even Mark Hopkins had his log! 

 Trustees, it is true, are too frequently dazzled by architects' plans and 

 devote money to the erection of buildings which would better have gone 

 to the building up of the faculty, but often, on the other hand, little 

 attempt is made to furnish material equipment to teachers and de- 

 partments so that they can do their work with a minimum drain of 

 energy in routine and clerical work, and improve the actual effective- 

 ness of their teaching. The science, language and mathematics de- 

 partments usually fare the best, because they have established a vested 

 interest in small classes and adequate (?) teaching force, and an 

 elaborate material equipment of laboratory apparatus. The departments 

 whose only laboratory is the library fare badly. It is comparatively 

 easy to get donors to give for buildings but difficult to get money for 

 salaries or books — which are the real library. A good library should be 

 able to provide ample reading, reference and working material for all 

 undergraduate demands, and in addition should spend a great deal of 

 money upon journals and reviews, foreign works and reports of learned 

 societies which never meet the undergraduate eye, but which neverthe- 

 less keep the teacher alive in his subject. How far most college libra- 

 ries fall short of even the minimum requirement will be apparent to 

 any one who looks up the statistics of American college libraries. 



Lack of funds, then, hampers the development of that large, broad 

 and human scholarship we need, not only because college poverty means 

 low salaries, but because it means too few teachers, too wide a range of 

 subjects for the same instructor to teach, too many hours a week of 

 class-room work, too little time for original research and original think- 

 ing. " Out of hurry nothing noble ever did or can emerge," says a re- 

 cent writer. 1 Hurried on one side by too much work to do, hampered, 

 on the other, by a disastrous deficiency in library funds and material 

 equipment, it is small wonder that the teaching of many a professor is 

 Eometimes mechanical and far removed from the actualities of life. 



Here lies the great field for constructive administration. In so far 

 as mentors of the college are planning devices for mechanically improv- 

 ing student scholarship through prizes and distinctions and the like, or 



*C. H. Cooley, "Social Organization," p. 170. 



