scrophulariaceae of the west gulf states. 

 By Francis W. Pennell. 



This study deals with the plants of the family Scrophulariaceae 

 occurring in the area west of the Mississippi and east of the Pecos 

 rivers, in the states of Arkansas, Oklahoma, Louisiana and Texas. 

 It follows closely the manner of presentation of the account of the 

 "Scrophulariaceae of the Southeastern United States," which 

 appeared in these Proceedings^ in 1920, and the introduction to that 

 paper will in most points apply to this. 



To the West Gulf states I have made two collecting-trips, one 

 in spring and one in early autumn. The latter, the first in point 

 of time, was in 1913 through central Oklahoma, central and south- 

 eastern Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas, and was in search of the 

 plants herein classed in the tribe Buchnereae. Nearly every species 

 of these genera was found and descriptions were made of the form 

 and color of corolla and other evanescent features. This study 

 was undertaken on behalf of the University of Pennsylvania and 

 its results still await publication in the "Contributions from the 

 Botanical Laboratory" of that institution. Unexpectedly there- 

 fore, a number of new species and geographic varieties will first ap- 

 pear on these pages. 



In late April and May of 1920 I visited all of these states for 

 early-flowering species, obtaining in chief variety species of the 

 genera Penstemon and Castilleja. This second journey, made in the 

 interests of the New York Botanical Garden, took me across 

 southern Louisiana and Texas to Corpus Christi, inland through 

 central Texas and up to the Staked Plains of the northwest, across 

 Oklahoma from west to east, and across the Ozark Mountains 

 and into the pineland of eastern Arkansas. Neither route need 

 now be cited in detail, as all localities are given in the lists which, 

 classified by counties, accompany each species. Suffice it to say 

 for both trips, the field-descriptions obtained, and the observa- 

 tions of the limits of variation of each species, have been beyond 



iProc. Acad. Nat. Sci. PhUa. 71: 224-291. 1920. 



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