NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 67 



of Pileoma carbonaria which is to be designated henceforwards under that of 

 Percina carbonaria. 



XXIII. We propose now to characterize a new genus of Etheostomid under 

 the name of Oligocephalus, as follows : Head small and subconical ; mouth 

 terminal, of moderate size, not protractile ; jaw equal and provided with slen- 

 der, acerated and conspicuous teeth, disposed upon multiple series, the exter- 

 nal series much largerthan the inner series. Opercular apparatus, cheeks and 

 throat scaleless. First dorsal fin lower than the second, longer or nearly of the 

 same length, and contiguous. Anal much smaller than the second dorsal, and 

 provided anteriorly with two small spiny rays. The external ray of the ven- 

 tral fins is likewise a small spine. Caudal, posteriorly rounded off or else 

 convex. To this genus we now refer PacUichthys lepidus figured in the Report 

 of the U. S. and Mex. Boundary Commission. The first dorsal is represented 

 as being widely separated from the second, whilst in fact, its membrane 

 reaches the anterior margin of the latter fin. We shall therefore record it in 

 future under the name of Oligocephalus lepidus. 



XXIV. A species allied to the preceding one, inhabits the hydrographic 

 basin of James river, Va. It reaches nearly the same size, that is about two 

 inches long. Its boly is quite compressed, subfusiform in profile, maintain- 

 ing its depth towards the insertion of the caudal fin. The head enters nearly 

 four times and a half in the total length. The gape of the mouth is slightly 

 oblique ; the posterior extremity of the maxillar bone corresponding to a ver- 

 tical line drawn in advance of the pupil. The diameter of the eye enters 

 about four times in the length of the side of the head. The base of the second 

 dorsal fin is nearly equal to that of the first. The base of the anal fin is 

 nearly equal to its deepest rays. The ventrals are lanceolate in shape ; 

 whilst the pectorals are subelliptical in their outline, their extremities project- 

 ing beyond those of the ventrals. The formula of the fins is as follow : D vn ; 

 13 ; A ii, 7; C 6, 1, 6, 7, 1, 5 ; V i, 5 ; P 13. The scales are rather _ small, 

 somewhat deeper than long, finely pectinated posteriorly, with radiating fur- 

 row at the anterior section only. The lateral line constitutes the eighth series 

 of scales, counted from the second dorsal fin. The ground color is reddish 

 brown, transversely maculated with blackish spots. The second dorsal fin and 

 the caudal are transversely barred with black upon a light olivaceous ground. 

 The first dorsal, the anal, the ventrals, and the pectorals are of a uniform 

 light olive tint. A jet black spot may be observed immediately above the 

 insertion of the pectorals close to the thoracic arch, and has suggested the 

 name of Oligocephalus humeralis, by which we propose to designate this species. 



XXV. The species fromWalcott, Wayne Co..N. Y. described by my friend, 

 Dr. H. R. Storer, under the name of Etheostoma linsleyi* belongs to the genus 

 Oligocephalus, as characterized above. I have in my possession authentic spe- 

 cimens of the same. It is a much slenderer fish than the two foregoing species, 

 anil like 0. humeralis, is provided with a black spot above the pectoral fins, 

 close to the thoracic belt. A careful description of it having been given by its 

 author, we need simply refer to it for the present. We have recorded it under 

 the appellation of Oligocephalus linslii, in the monograph we prepare upon that 

 family of our fresh water fishes. 



XXVI. Amongst the fishes collected by Major B. Alvord, at Fort Gratiot, 

 Lake Huron, there is a species of Etheostomid, the generic characters of which 

 remind us somewhat of those given to the genus Hadropterus. The opercle and 

 cheeks, however, are scaleless, as well as the throat, which is minutely prickly. 

 The first dorsal fin is longer and lower than the second, which is equal to the 



* Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., iv. 1851, 37. 

 1859.] 



