NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 183 



" A similar blackened tooth was obtained from the same formation at Doctor's 

 Swamp, John's Island. 



" Figure 4 represents a very remarkably well preserved specimen of a lower 

 molar above referred to from Georgia, where it was discovered by J. H. Couper, 

 in association with equally well preserved remains of other extinct animals. 

 The tooth is brown in color ; and it neither differs in size nor form from its 

 homologue in the recent horse. 



"In the collection of fossils of Prof. Holmes, there is the specimen of an 

 upper first large molar, labelled from Texas, represented in figure 5. The tooth 

 is of the largest comparative size, and exhibits the highest degree of com- 

 plexity in the folding of its enamel ; iu both of which characters it differs in 

 such a remarkable degree from the corresponding tooth, represented in figure 

 5, from the post-pliocene formation of South Carolina, that it appears hardly 

 possible that these two teeth should belong to the same species of horse. 



" A remarkably well preserved specimen of an upper molar tooth, jet black 

 in color, and an incisor, yellow and quite friable in texture, both belonging to 

 the extinct horse, from North Carolina, have been submitted to my inspection 

 by Prof. Emmons. 



" Among the most interesting of the fossils discovered by Prof. Holmes, in 

 the post-pliocene beds of the Ashley River, are two molar teeth of a species of 

 the equine genus Hippotherium. These are the first remains of the latter dis- 

 covered in America, and they indicate the smallest known species. 



" Both specimens are from the upper jaw ; and they are well characterized, 

 not only by the isolation of the internal median enamel column, but also by 

 the complex plication of the interior or central enamel columns. 



" The larger specimen is firm in texture ; has the enamel stained jet black, 

 and the dentine and cement gray. 



" I have personally had the opportunity of inspecting remains of the tapir, 

 found in Texas, Louisiana, Kentucky, Mississippi, Indiana, Ohio and Souh Caro- 

 lina, proving an extensive range of this animal at one time over the country of 

 the United States. 



"The specimens which were presented by Dr. Carpenter to the Academy of 

 Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, on close comparison are not found to differ 

 from the corresponding parts of the living Tapir us americanus. 



"The post-pliocene deposit of the Ashlej' River contains a number of small 

 fragments of molar teeth, and one nearly entire and unworn crown of a second 

 lower molar, which have the same characters of form and size, as in the living 

 tapir. Besides these, the same collections contain fragments of lower molars, 

 and two nearly entire crowns of upper molars, having the exact form of the 

 corresponding teeth of the T. americanus, but larger in size. 



" Teeth of the beaver, jet black in color, have likewise been obtained from 

 the post-pliocene deposit of Ashley River. 



"The collections contain numerous specimens of blackened molar teeth, to- 

 gether with a few incisors and fragments of jaws, from the Ashley post-plio- 

 cene deposit, which neither differ iu form nor size from the corresponding parts 

 of the recent muskrat. 



" Remains of Lepus sylvaticus common gray rabbit have been found in 

 association with those of other rodents and of the extinct peccary near Galena, 

 Illinois. A few specimens of molar teeth, black in color, apparently belonging 

 to this species, were obtained from the post-pliocene beds of the Ashley 

 River. 



" Several small fragments of teeth of the Megatherium, in Prof. Holmes' col- 

 lection, were obtained from the post-pliocene bed of the Ashley River. Pre- 

 viously to the discovery of those specimens, remains of the Megatherium bad 

 been found in no other locality of North America than in the State of Georgia. 



" Two small fragments of lower molar teeth of Mylodon Jlarlani were ob- 

 tained from the Ashley post-pliocene beds. One of the fragments is repre- 



1859.] 



