348 



THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 



Shoot of Vitis rotun&ifolia, the Scupperxong or Southern Fox Grape. 



characters of Vitis vinifera more often appear in varieties arising as 

 primary hybrids between the vinifera grapes and the native species, and 

 the weaknesses of the Europeans, which prevent their cultivation in 

 America, crop out. Hybrids in which the vinifera blood is more atten- 

 uated, as secondary or tertiary crosses, give better results. 



Several secondary hybrids now rank among the best of the cultivated 

 grapes. Examples are the Brighton and the Diamond. The first is 

 a cross between Diana-Hamburg, a hybrid of a vinifera and a labrusca, 

 crossed, in its turn, with the Concord, a labrusca; the second is a cross 

 between Iona, also a hybrid of a vinifera, and a labrusca crossed with 

 the Concord. Both weie grown from seed planted by Jacob Moore, of 

 Brighton, New York, in 1870. The Brighton was the first secondary 

 hybrid to attract the attention of grape-breeders and its advent marked 

 an important step in breeding grapes. 



The signal successes achieved by the hybridizers of the European 

 grape with the native species quickly led to similar amalgamations 

 among the American species. Jacob Eommel, of Morrison, Missouri, 

 beginning work about 1860, lwbridized the labrusca and riparia grapes 



