58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1879. 



off from a common vessel, a short innominate, differing in this 

 respect from the Gorilla and VrolikV Chimpanzee, which in the 

 disposition of its great bloodvessels is like that of Man. 



Genito-urinary Organs. I3elieving that the transitory stages 

 through which a human being passes in utero are often perma- 

 nently retained through life in the lower animals, it appeared to 

 me that the best way of determining the question as to whether 

 the Chimpanzee had the external and internal labia of the human 

 female was to compare my specimen with a human female foetus. 

 The opportunity of examining two negro foetuses about five months 

 old, presenting itself at the same time that I was dissecting the 

 Chimpanzee, I compared the generative apparatus of all three, and 

 1 am satisfied that they are morphologically essentially the same, 

 for in the Chimpanzee there is a well-developed clitoris, with 

 frenum and prepuce; below the frenum the internal labia are 

 un distinguishable from the external, and these latter are un- 

 developed above the clitoris. The whole appearance of the 

 uterus, vagina, and ovaries in the Chimpanzee is also similar to 

 the internal organs of the human foetus. The bladder was large, 

 and the kidneys resembled those of man in their form, and dif- 

 fered from that of the Orang in having more than one papilla. 



The Brain. The brain of the Chimpanzee has been described 

 by several anatomists, and figured by Tyson, Tiedmann, 2 Vrolik, 

 Schroeder van der Kolk, 3 Gratiolet, 4 Rolleston, Marshall, Turner, 

 Bischoff, Broca, and others. As the existence of a " posterior lobe, 

 posterior cornu, and hippocampus minor" in the brain of the Chim- 

 panzee and other apes and monkeys gave rise to a memorable dis- 

 cussion some years ago, it was with great interest that I hastened, 

 as soon as possible after death (a few hours), to open the skull of 

 the Chimpanzee, and to examine the brain in situ. The brain 

 weighed 10 ounces 10 grains. I confess to my great surprise, I 

 found the cerebellum uncovered b}' the cerebrum to the extent 

 shown in the illustrations, Plate XI., Figs. 1 and 2, and XII., Figs. 

 1 and 2, and remembering Prof. Huxley's criticism that 5 "his error 

 must become patent even to himself if he try to replace the brain 



1 Vrolik, op. cit., Plate VI. Fig. 4. 



2 Philos. Transactions, 1836. 



3 Schroeder Van der Kolk and Vrolik, Amsterdam Verhandelingen, 1849. 



4 Plis cerebraux de 1' Homme, 1854. 



5 Man's Place in Nature, p. 97. 



