1879.] NATURAL SCIENCES OP PHILADELPHIA. 269 



we find the first anal either directly upon the truncated basal as in 

 Taxocrinus htberculatus, or sometimes, in species in which the 

 first radial s join laterally, the first anal is placed opposite the 

 second and third or even' between the third radials, as in Taxocri- 

 nus Thiemei, but in either case, with the exception of the Swedish 

 specimens, the anal plate has a truncated upper side, and is suc- 

 ceeded by from two to six similar, narrow, quadrangular plates, 

 longitudinally arranged. The plates diminish in size upwards, 

 and form the dorsal side of a short and slender lateral proboscis, 

 whose ventral parts, as well as the wall supporting them, have 

 never been found preserved, and evidently consisted of more fra- 

 gile material. 



Returning to the interradial series we find specimens with appa- 

 rently none to three or more interradial plates, with variation 

 even in the individual, and some with as many as nine interradi- 

 als, though in no instance extending up higher than to the top of 

 the third primary radials, above which the rays are almost always 

 free in the fossil. This, however, was not the case in the animal. 

 Schultze found in his T. juglandiformis, within the open spaces 

 between the rays, as well as between the first divisions of the rays, 

 a large number of very minute, uneven and twisted pieces, which 

 evidently took the place of the larger interradial plates in all 

 cases where those did not exist. Similar pieces were figured by 

 Angelin in the Swedish species, and they probably were present 

 in all Taxocrini. 



In some well-preserved specimens of Taxocr. (Forbesiocr.) 

 muUibrachiatus Lyon & Cass, from Crawfordsville, Indiana, and 

 in a Taxocrinus r-ainulosus, Hall, from Burlington, Iowa, we have 

 had an opportunity to examine this structure. Both species have 

 a comparatively large number of interradials, the former from 

 three to nine, arranged in from two to four series, the other six 

 to seven in three series. These plates are quite prominent and 

 differ but slightly in size. The little plates in question, or the 

 plated integument as we should rather call it the plates seem to 

 be imbricated is attached to the upper series of interradials, and 

 fills the rather large interradial space up to the top of the second- 

 ary radials, inclosing the axillary spaces between the series of the 

 latter up to the first arm-joints, and evidently covering the 

 entire oral side of the body. On looking at the anterior side of 

 these specimens, the construction seems almost identical with 



