1892.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 191 



in delicate tuft-; or rosettes. Some two miles to the southwest are 

 the Doe Run lime quarries. These have been extensively worked 

 for over half a century. In them have been found rutile, tremolite 

 and fluorite, the latter only as a thin crust of a deep purple color. 



In West Marlborough Township, two miles west of Unionville, 

 are Bailey's lime (piarries, containiuL'' bladed mussite, crystallized 

 and fibrous tremolite in quantity. Brown and yellow tourmaline 

 in small crystals have also been found in this township. 



Limestone has been quarried extensively near the village of 

 Avondale in London Grove Township. Aragonite, brown tourma- 

 line, mountain leather, tremolite and very fine crystals of calcite are 

 the only minerals found in these quarries. 



Some years ago a large quarry Avas opened in the gneiss rocks 

 at Avondale, known as the Toughkenamon hills, and in it l)right 

 red iron garnets in dodecahedral crystals were found by the 

 hundred, some of them being three and one-half inches in diameter, 

 also good crystals of tourmaline. A small sjiecimen of graphite was 

 found in this quarry. 



Pyrite more or less altered into limonite of a shining dark brown 

 color in cubic crystals of all sizes up to one and one-half inches in 

 diameter are found loose in the soil in the township of East White- 

 land and TredyfTrin in abundance ; these are sometimes pure 

 limonite. 



In the year 1850 an iron mine was opened on the farm of the late 

 Gen. Trimble, in East Whiteland Township, and at the distance of 

 ten feet below the surface was found a horizontal vein of wavellite 

 in stalactites, also radiated .nnd occasionally crystallized. After a 

 few years the mine was abandoned and the locality lost for a time. 

 A shaft or Avell has since been dug twenty -five feet, striking one of 

 the old drifts and from it were, taken a few very fine specimens. 

 Coeruleolactite was found in abundance when the mine was first 

 opened, but as it was thought of no value it was dumped into the 

 excavations left in mining the iron ore and many fine specimens 

 were lost to science. 



Rutile, or the mineral known in Sadsbury Township as money- 

 stone, is found loose in the soil for the distance of seven miles along 

 the Chester Valley and particularly near the village of Parkesburg 

 on the farm of Horace A. Beale where crystals have been found 

 weighing three quarters of a pound. 



