1892.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 247 



land to the opeu sea, avoiding the extremes of cold and heat. The 

 xpoyth'^^ (TsAdy-fj, y<\\\iQ yoyypoi^ -/(iv^ri, ^/?6i(9/)ti/(v9 and ^/'.ayxof are pelagic 

 {TzsAdyKii) ; but the (fdyiiu!.^ (jxaf/Tztoc^ black y'^yypoc, fj.opa'.'>ac and 

 ■/.('//.y.uyt'i- change from one place to the other. Some of the long 

 and thick fishes, as the iyyilu^^ T'''TTl"''ii etc., do not have the fins on 

 the belly (i. e. the ventral and anal fins). They all eat one another 

 (except the x^crrpsu'i'), and the yoyypoc especially do so. Some have 

 only two fins, as the yoyy/io^^ iy/JXu'?, and a certain kind of y.zffT/>-ui. 

 Latin Conger cf Plin. K A. 9, 72, 9, 57, 9, 87, 9, 185. Also 

 ganger, 32, 147. 



Family ECHELIDJE. 



55. Echelus myrus (L). 



Apost. 34 (^Myi'us vulgaris). 



Family OPHISURIDJE. 



56. OpMsurus serpens (L). 



Apost. 34 (Ophisurus serpens), f ciSc r/)^ {k/.).d(7(jr,'i^ serpent of the 

 sea. Arist. {^a)ATTun o>c:9, 505b 8 10, 621a 2. 



The sea serpents {daXdrrun o<peii) are in other respects similar 

 in form to the land serpents, but they have the head more conger- 

 shaped ; there are many kinds of the sea serpents, and they have 

 every sort of color. They are not found in very deep places. 



In the second reference Aristotle seems partly to contradict the 

 above, saying, the sea serpent's color and body are similar to those of 

 the yoyypoq except that it is of a duller color and more violent in its 

 movements. If it is caught and let go it quickly goes down into 

 the sand, boring through it with its beak. It has a sharper mouth 

 than the serpents. 



Family MURJENID^. 



57. Muraena helena (L). H. IpApva (J. 



Apost. 34 (^Miirmia helena), apip^a and f (jphpz-Mj.. A. G. both 

 apJjpavMx and phpavML. Arist. 707b 29 31, 489b 28, 540b 1, 517b 8, 

 540b 34, 696a 6, 1530a 9, 591a 12, 598a 14, 543a 25 29, 504b 34, 

 505a 15, 696a 6, 506b 16, 599b 6, 540b 1, 543a 20 23 24 28,1530a 

 10, 1530a 8, 610b 17. Athen. vii, 90. 



IpJjpavm is identical with the form apbpsva given by Apost., 

 as both spellings would be pronounced exactly the same in M. 



