260 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1892. 



xuTz/n'^o^. It has many pyloric appendages, spawns in the stagnant 

 parts of rivers and lakes, among the reeds ; the eggs cling together 

 in a large bunch and the fishermen gather them by unwinding them 

 from tlie reeds. 



The yJ.yha, yM—oifut and -iir/.at are given as -sTpaioi, or rock- 

 fishes, and are said to hibernate and nest in pairs. 



Athen. iv, 13. "Flowery-colored Tzipxrj" Vii, 110. Speusip- 

 pus says that the -ifi/.r^, y/vrja and (fuy.i'i are similar. Epicharmus 

 calls them " gleaming." There was a proverb " The -ifr/.r^ follows 

 the lu'/jhiinim^" Aristotle says that the (fuxi'i is thorn-crowned and 

 variegated in color, but the -ifr/.ri belongs to those which are 

 adorned with lines and have bands on their sides. 



106. Serranus cabrilla (L.) H. -Vr/.>/*9 (,J. 



Aj^o&t. 11 {Serranus cahrilla), y/vMi^. C?. ydwo. and ya-'-^r^. Aris- 

 totle 598a 13, 591a 10 b 6, 1528a 15, 538a 19 21, 567a 27, 755b 21, 

 760a 9. Most of the fishes are male and female, but concerning 

 the ifto^'ijK-M)^ and y/iyvri there is a doubt, for all of these which are 

 caught have eggs in them. The y/vrMu are purely carnivorous ; 

 they often throw out their stomachs {y.oiXiai) when pursuing the 

 smaller fishes, because the stomachs of ,fishes are near to their 

 mouths and they have no gullet {nTotj.ayo'i). The ydwfi is pelagic. 

 Athen. vii, 134. Epicharmus in the Marriage of Hebe says : 

 " Wide-gaping ydwru and monstrous-bellied o-^m.'" Aristotle calls 

 it (the yiy-'ri'), variegated with black and red (or salmon) and 

 adorned with lines, because it is adorned with dark lines. 



The names ydyo^ and ydwq mean the gaper, v//«v, to gape. 



107. Paracentropristis hepatus (L), 11. ^ hail'ofiohla (j). 

 Apost. 17 {Serranus hepatus), -ipy.a. 



108. Mycteroperca rubra (Bloch). H. '^ Mor;y.ay-d.T.()^() {^. 

 Not noticed by Apostolides. 



109. Epinephelus gigas (BrUnnich.) 11. 'P(><f('>^ (,). 



Apost. 18 (Epinephelus gigas), fxxfoi and f ofupM^. Aristotle 

 591a 11,598a 10,599b 6,543b 1,1530b 27. Aristotle has the 

 forms of,(r,',^ and oiicw^. According to him this fish is of very rapid 

 growth, is littoral, lies torpid for a season (in winter), and is purely 

 carnivorous. 



Aristophanes, Wasps, 493, speaks of the oixpoi as found in the 

 markets of Athens. 



