1892.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 261 



Athen. vii, 97, (jp<f(0'? and o[>(fij<i. It is sharp-toothed and soli- 

 tary. It is a peculiarity of it that the seminal ducts are not found 

 in it and that it can live a long time after it is cut up. It is one of 

 those which lie torpid during the stormiest days, aud is more fond 

 of being near land than out in the open sea. Numenius calls it the 

 very rough of/oo^}. Cf. also Athen. viii, 51. 



Aelian Nat. An. v, 18, says: The ofxpu)^ is a sea fish, and if you 

 should catch one and cut it up you Avould not see it dead immediately, 

 but it still partakes of motion, and for no little time. They like to 

 stay in holes throughout the winter. Cf. also Ael. Nat. An. xii^ 1. 



110. Epinephelus chrysotaenia (Doderlein). H. -rrjfta (^^ 



Not seen by Apostolides. Cf. Apost. 17, Polyprlon cernium. 



111. Polyprion cernium (Cuvier). 



Apost. 17, (TTTJfia. 



112. Anthias anthias (L). 

 Apost. 18 (Anthias sacer). 



Family APOGONIDJE. 



113. Apogon imberbis (L). H. haXDypirira (^^. 



Apostolides 18 (^Apogon imberbis). Cf. Apostolides 27, Chromis 

 castanea. 



Family SPARIDJE. 



114. Diplodus vulgaris (GeoflFrey St. Hilaire). H. -o.f)yu<; (J, * ff/.apoydi'- 

 dapo, (j), * dS/.'.d^ (j), (T-dp()<i (J. 



Apost. 23 (Sargus vulgaris), (rapyo^, ■\ yapa7.i8a. Aristotle (y<'i.pYu<i 

 (or V. 1. aapyoq), 543b 14 15 16, 570a 32 b 1 3, 543a 7 b 8, 591b 19 

 21, 1528a 24. 



The ffdpyoi spawns twice a year, in spring and in autumn ; it is 

 pregnant about thirty days in the month of December, The (jdp- 

 yu<i, ys/.cuv, -/J<pa/.o? and ffpo^tuv (or fjL'j^co-^) are different kinds of xs^- 

 rpslg, i. e. sub -classes of the ■/.t(jTpsu<;. The adpyn^ feeds after the 

 -piyXri. The <ra^;'Ivy£ (sargus-like fishes?) run in schools. Athen. 

 vii, 93, says that Aristotle says the spotted-tailed fishes are iJ.e?Mvoopu<; 

 and <Tdpy<)<;, and they are much lined and dark-lined. Num. in Hal. 

 says : " To land, a napyo^, most ' line-jerking ' of fishes." Lat. sargus. 

 Plin. 9, 65 and 162. Ov. Hal. 105. -/.dpo? and a-dpu^ are also 



