272 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1892. 



Family TRACHINIDJE. 



161. Trachinus draco (L). H. Apa/.av^a (.J. 



Apost. 13 {Trachinus draco). According to Apostolides Spar.aiya 

 is coraaion name for all species of the genus Trachinus. In A. G. 

 dpdxavMi'xs feminine of o/)'/z<«v, a serpent or dragon. The kindred 

 word Spax"f^t'?, also a feminine of (ipd/M'^, occurs as name of a fish 

 in a fragment of the comic poet Ephippiis, who flourished in the 

 early part of the Fourth century, B. C. Also in a fragment of 

 Mnesiniachus. Aristotle 598a 11 uses <lodxcov as name of a fish 

 which lives near the shore (i. e. a littoral fish). A fragment of 

 Epicharmus also contains dpdxcw^ as name of a fish. Vide Athen. 

 vii, 28. 



162. Trachinus vipera (Cuv. & Val). 

 Apost. 13. 



163. Trachinus araneus (Cuv. & Val). 

 Apost. 13. 



164. Trachinus radiatus (Cuv. & Val). 

 Apost. 13. 



Family URANOSCOPID^. 



165. Uranoscopus scaber (L). 11. -1:/^"^' d)- 



Apost. 13 ( Uranoscopus scaber), /:';/>"v', /"Orrrov and j xudxn'^'. Iden- 

 tified in Apostolides with the xa/Mmyup.o^^ of Aristotle. For xf>U'.6- 

 vop.o? see Aristotle 598a 11, 5()6b 10, 1529b 9. 



According to Aristotle the xa/J.'.M'^opo^ it a littoral fish with the 

 gall on the liver, and has the largest gall-bladder of any fish in pro- 

 portion to the size of the fish. 



Aelian, N, A. 134, says: "Concerning it (the fish called xalXim- 

 yupo?) Aristotle says that it has a large gall-bladder attached to the 

 right lobe of the liver, and that it carries its liver in its left side." 



According to Athenaeus, vii, 16 and 17, there seems to have been 

 considerable confusion among the names «>///«?, xaX/.{/'^0'i, xaXXtmw- 

 p.og and k'hii/'." Pliny says (32, 146) : Callionymus or Uranoscopus. 

 (32, 69). The same fish (Callionymus) is also called Uranoscopus 

 (sky-gazer), from the eye which it has in its head. Athen. viii, 52. 

 Otjpr/y(i(Ty.a~()^ and the one called ayvo?, or also xaXXi6wp.(i<}, are heavy 

 as food. Cf. A. G. xoxxo':, sub. yjh/^o'^uil'apo {Dnctylopterus voli- 

 tans). 



