NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF GLASGOW. 123 



A discussion took place on various results of recent explorations, 

 when some interesting statements were made by several members 

 on points bearing on natural history which had been established 

 by the Arctic and Antarctic expeditions. Mr Harvie-Brown 

 mentioned that the nesting-place of the Knot — Tringa canuhis — had 

 now been discovered, and although its latitudinal range is restricted, 

 its longitudinal range may be widely extended. The Knot is 

 perhaps more generally distributed than any other species, but 

 hitherto its breeding haunts could not be fixed with any certainty. 

 He also stated in evidence of the rise of the land in the Arctic 

 zone, at a comparatively recent date, that in Northern Russia — the 

 shores of the Petchora Gulf being thickly strewn with piles of 

 drift wood carried down by the great rivers — he had observed 

 that where the tundras approached the margin of the Arctic sea, 

 and formed banks of a considerable height, they were strewn for 

 some distance inland with drift wood, which must have lain 

 there for a very long period, and which must have been deposited 

 when the tundras were almost on a level with the water. 



SPECIAL MEETING. 

 NATURAL HISTORY CLASS ROOM, GLASGOW UNIVERSITY. 



December 2 1st, 1876. 



Professor John Young, M.D., F.G.S., F.RS.E., President, in 

 the chair. 



ADDRESS BY THE PRESIDENT. 



Professor Young proceeded to discuss the geological bearings of 

 some of the results arrived at by the Challenger and other 

 exploratory expeditions. He showed an enlargement of the map 

 prepared by Mr John Murray of the Challenger staff, and on it 

 pointed out the distribution of the various deposits referred to in 

 Mr Murray's paper, read in section D of the Glasgow meeting of 

 the British Association. The red clay suggested reference to 

 Professor Ramsay's theory as to the origin of the red rocks in 

 the stratigraphical series. Professor Ramsay founded on the 

 improbability of peroxide of iron tinging deposits in the open sea, 

 whereas peroxide of iron and manganese were found to be the 



