NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF GLASGOW. 287 



commonest in the north. It breeds in the plains of Shadrinsk. 

 Russ., Beloy film ; Bashk., Ak-uku ; Ziridn, Edshea pelui. 



Eversmann (I.e.) says that it breeds in the Orenburg 

 Province, but according to BogdanofF (I.e.) it occurs there 

 only in winter, but I incline to the former opinion, and do not 

 consider that it is impossible that S. nydea is to be seen on the 

 southern steppes, Lagopus alhus and Buteo lagojms, its usual com- 

 panions, being found there. According to some sportsmen, Strix 

 flammea is found in the southern parts of the Perm Ural, but I 

 have never observed it. Most likely Surnia noctua does not occur 

 here, although Bogdanoff traced it as far as the district of 

 Sizransk. 



Bubo maximus, Fleming. This owl is found in the Perm Govern- 

 ment, but is commoner further south, and is still more numerous 

 in the birch woods on the slopes of the Ural mountains, but it 

 does not occur on the plains of Shadrinsk. Russ., Filui ; Bashk., 

 Uku or Clotke-uku ; Ziridn, Pelui. The variety B. sibiricus is often 

 met with, but Eversmann does not mention it at all. 



EphiaUes scops, (L.) On both the western and eastern slopes it 

 is distributed nearly as high as 57° N. lat., but occurs only in 

 coniferous forests, and not in birch woods. The Bashkirs call 

 the male Siop, and the female Gak. It has never been found in 

 the Governments of Kasan or Simbirsk. It is very remarkable 

 that it does not occur in the northern parts of the Kasan Province. 



Cypselus ayus, (L.) This species occurs only in the Ural moun- 

 tains, and goes along the eastern slope as far as Bogoslaflfsk, but 

 does not inhabit the plains of Shadrinsk. Russ., Strish ; Bashk., 

 Carcagase ; Ziridn, on the Ishma, Vorchekish. 



Cypselus alpinus, Scop. Occasionally it is met with in Kashtin, 

 Uffa, and Uraim districts, and sometimes even in the Kaslinsky 

 Ural, and probably also it inhabits the Zlatoustovska Dacha. 

 Russ., Belobruchey strish. 



Gaprimulgus europeus, (L.) Is to be met with everywhere, and 

 has been observed at Yerhoturie, but does not occur, however, 

 in the woodless plains. Russ., Churila ; Bashk., Sabalak. 



Cuculus canorus, L. Is common in all the forests and groves. 

 Russ., Kukushka; Bashk., Kakuk ; Ziridn, Kek. A species of 

 Cuckoo is met with sometimes in the fir woods of the south-east, 

 and sometimes also on the south-west slopes of the mountains, 

 which distinguishes itself by its rough and harsh voice, and is 



