60 ORiaiNAL ARTICLES. 



Besides the peculiar mode in wliicli they are broken, denoting that 

 it had been done for the piu'pose of extracting the marrow,* there may- 

 be sometimes observed, on the siu'face of the bones, scratches and 

 shallow cuts, which appear to have been caused by the edge of some 

 instrument employed to remove the flesh. 



In fact, we collected among the very ashes on the hearth a hun- 

 dred pieces of silex, some of no definite form, but the greater number 

 fashioned after the type so imiversally met with and designated by 

 archaeologists under the name of " knives." It would appear that a 

 portion at least of these implements had been manufactured on the spot, 

 as we found, in the neighbourhood of the hearth, the nuclei of the 

 blocks from which splinters of various dimensions had been struck 

 off. We also found, in the same situation, a stone of a circular form, 

 flattened on two sides with a central depression on each, and 

 constituted of a rock not found in this region of the Pyrenees, and 

 which, from the explanation of its object given me by M. Steiuhauer, 

 Conservator of the Ethnographic Museum at Cojienhagen, was used 

 for renewing, by skilful blows, the edges of the flint knives. Tlie 

 central depression on each flat side was intended for the fingers and 

 thumb in the required manoeuvre.f We also procured from among 

 the ashes two portions of silex broken so as to have niimerous facets, 

 which have been regarded by archaeologists as missiles [sling- stones], 

 and which are rendered more destructive by the numerous angles 

 presented on the surface. 



Besides these flint arms and knives there were also found, both 

 in the ashes and in the superjacent ossiferous layer, many other 

 instruments of divers forms, and made for the most part of the more 

 compact portion of the Reindeer's horn. Some of these are in the 

 form of arrow-heads, simply lanceolate, and without vdngs or recur- 

 rent barbs, such as are found in arrow-heads of a more recent 

 period. All are broken immediately below the widened base of the 

 lance-shaped portion. Some of these arrows appear to have been 

 reddened by the action of fire, as if they had been left in the flesh of 

 the animal when it Avas cookeni. One of the largest among them 

 exhibits, on its two opjiosite surfices, some impressions in the form 

 of a cross, which, though with some hesitation, may be regarded as 

 having been caused by the teeth of a carnivorous animal in its endea- 

 vours to draw the arrow from the wound (? ?). One of these bone- 



* Travellers relate that among people who live chiefly on the products of the 

 chase, the maiTow of the bones of the Ilcrbivora is highly appreciated and sometimes 

 reserved for the chiefs. Among the Laps and Grcenlauders the maiTow taken 

 warm from the animal is held one of the greatest dehcacies, and is presented as a 

 mark of honour, according to M. Morlot, to the \Tsitor and Government ofhccrs. — 

 Morlot, Etudes geologico-archeologiqnes en Dancmarch et en Suisse- 



t lm])lemcnts for the same pui-j)ose have been figured in the " Atlas of Anti- 

 quities of the Stone Age of Denmark," by M. Worsaae. M. Alphonse Milne- 

 Ed\\ai-ds has also informed me that' he saw similar implements m one of the 

 museums iu Holland recently viaitcd by him. 



