CLETtAOT) ON THE ANATOMY OF THE SHORT SUN-FTSH. 183 



walls. On cutting into tlie investing bag of the intestinal coils, a 

 bloody looking fluid pours out, and the interstices between the coils 

 are seen to be occupied by numerous loculi varying in size and in 

 the consistence of their walls. These were traced upwards on the 

 stomach, and found to pour their contents into an arrangement of 

 very large sinuses on the sides of the cesophagus as it entered the 

 abdomen, — the sinuses of Monro. 



In the fluid contained in these loculi, Mr. Turner, after ex- 

 amining it microscopically, notes that he observed " numerous small 

 pale corpuscles about the size of and a little smaller than the white 

 blood corpuscles of man. Each of these corpuscles exhibited finely 

 granular contents. No decided nucleus was visible. The outlines 

 of the corpuscles were irregular." 



The stomach extends the greater part of the length of the abdo- 

 minal cavity. It is merely a slightly dilated part of the alimentary 

 canaL (Pt. V. fig. 2.) At its pyloric extremity there is a slight 

 curvature and a momentary constriction, followed by a thick part of 

 the intestine which soon enters the common sac. The intestine 

 makes about six coils forward and back again, these coils being of 

 various length and rolled on one another. The first coils are on the 

 left side. The upper part of the intestine is most dilated ; in the 

 middle of its course it becomes small ; and again it is dilated above 

 the rectum. Throughou.t its whole extent its membrane is finely 

 reticulated ; but this appearance is in some parts concealed by the 

 length of the villi. The villi are longest in the part immediately 

 following the stomach, in the middle of the course of the intestine, 

 and in the rectum. The commencement of Avhat I call the rectum 

 is marked, about seven inches from the anus, by a circular fold or 

 valve of the mucous membrane, one and a half lines deep. There are 

 longitudiual rugse above this; below it the rugas are transverse. 

 The arteries of the stomach and intestine are derived from a trunk 

 Avhich comes ofi' from the aorta before entering the abdominal cavity. 

 The veins fall into the liver. 



The urinary bladder and the single ovary receive their blood by an 

 artery given off" from the aorta immediately before lea\iug the 

 abdomen and which accompanies the ureter. They return it by a A^ein 

 which runs along the whole length of the abdomen in the fold of 

 peritoneum above the stomach. The ureter enters the bladder near 

 the upper end, on the anterior aspect, by an elongated slit. (Pt. V. fig. 

 2, e.) It arises by two branches, one from each kidney. The kidneys 

 lie in contact behind, but are quite distinct ; they are most bulky 

 behind ; in front they are each prolonged forwards above a fibrous 

 septum which attaches the scapula and the branchial pouch to the 

 vertebrae. The great vein returning the blood from the tail divides, 

 immediately on reaching the abdomen, into two branches, which enter 

 the kidneys, and ramify within them. It was not satisfactorily 

 ascertained whether or not there was any direct communication 

 between the veins entering the kidneys and those leaving them. The 



