76 OBITUARIES [januahy 



and kindly, so full of sparkling Irish hum our, and so refined and engaging in 

 conversation. He was the last but one of the band of those older naturalists which 

 included Edward Forbes, George Johnston, George Busk, W. Thompson, J. S. 

 Bowerbank, J. Gwyn Jeffreys, P. Gosse, John and Harry Goodsir, Thos. Bell, 

 Joshua Alder, Albany Hancock, Spence Bate, Thos. Hincks (still living), and 

 others, who, by their genius and perseverance, have done so much to bring British 

 marine zoology to its present position. Of all these none were closer friends 

 than George Busk and James Allman, and they were worthy of each other. 



W. C. M'Intosh. 



CARL WILHELM VON GUEMBEL. 



Born February 11, 1823, at Dannenfels on Donnersberg in the 

 Rheinpfalz; Died June 18, 1898, at Munich. 



After half a century of active work in all branches of geological science, this 

 eminent naturalist has passed away at the age of 75. After receiving a school 

 education at the Gymnasium in Zweibriicken, he studied the art and science of 

 mining at Munich and Heidelberg, and in 1848 received his first appointment 

 at the collieries of St. Ingbert. His first scientific paper, however, was on his 

 native Donnersberg. In 1851 he was called to the direction of the Land-Survey 

 at Munich, and in 1879 was made " Oberbergdirektor " of Bavaria. To this 

 kingdom his chief energies were devoted, and he received the reward of nobility 

 in 1882. In addition to his civil posts, Von Guembel was honorary professor 

 at Munich University and teacher at the Technical College. 



The list of his scientific works is too large even for abstraction here. He is 

 best known for his " Geognostiscbe Bescbreibung des Konigreichs Bayern," which 

 was begun in 1861, and developed into the memoirs of the geological survey 

 of Bavaria, His "Geologie von Bayern," 1884-93, served as a geological text-book 

 for the students of that country, as well as a summary most useful to foreign 

 geologists. In addition to writing papers on mineralogical and petrological 

 subjects, he invented instruments of precision for crystallographic optics, and 

 Von Kobell perpetuated the memory of his labours in this field by the mineral 

 name " Guembelite." The name Guembelina, applied to a fossil dactylopore, 

 further recalls Guembel's extensive researches on fossils of obscure lower 

 organisms, and his numerous papers on the Foraminifera. 



The death was also announced early in December of William Colchester, 

 formerly of Dovercourt, near Harwich, a well-known collector of Tertiary fossils. 

 He it was who discovered the JIacactis eocaenus described by Owen in 1839, 

 and now in the Ipswich Museum. This was afterwards shown to be Ilyra- 

 cotherium. Didetyhis colchesteri was another important find of Mr. Colchester's, 

 and came with the Macacus from the Eocene sands of Kyson, Essex. Mr. 

 Colchester became a Fellow of the Geological Society of London in 1857, and 

 was of advanced age at the time of his death, which occurred at his residence, 

 Burwell, Cambridge. 



Dr. James Ingraham Peck, Assistant Professor of Biology in Williams 

 College, and since 1896 Sub-Director of the Marine Biological Laboratory of 

 Wood's Holl, Mass., LT.S.A., died suddenly on November 4. He was born at 

 Seneca Castle, Oneida Co., N.Y., August 10, 1863, and studied at Williams 

 College and Johns Hopkins University. He worked chiefly on the food of 

 marine fishes, also on the pteropods and heteropods collected by the "Albatross." 

 His loss is deeply felt by his American colleagues. 



The deaths have also been announced of : — On September 16, at St. Gallen, 

 the Swiss Geographer, Prof. R. C. Amrheim, aged 53 ; the French Geographer, 

 J. V. Barbier ; on July 28, the Peruvian Geographer, Luis Carranza, M.D. ; 

 Dr. Hermann Endres, Privat-Docent in Anatomy at the University of Halle, 



