768 



THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



therefore, appear more distinctly when individuals are grouped 

 together which have the same breadth of head. I have grouped 

 the material in four classes, with the result that the double maxi- 

 mum of frequency, corresponding to the breadth of face of the 

 parental types, appears more strongly marked in every class. 

 Therefore we must draw the important inference that the face of 

 the offspring has a tendency to reproduce one of the ancestral 

 types not an intermediate type. The effect of intermixture in 

 this case differs, therefore, fundamentally from the effect ob- 

 served in the measurements of stature. 



When comparing the average breadth of face for Indians, half 

 bloods, and whites, another interesting phenomenon may be 

 seen. The average breadth of face of the half blood stands be- 

 tween that of the Indian and that of the white, but nearer the 

 former. When computing this average from year to year, it is 

 found that the same relation prevails throughout from the fourth 

 year to the adult stage, and in men as well as in women (Fig. 7). 



100 mm. 



110 120 lao 110 



Fig. 8. Height of Face. Sioux. 



or 



xo 



18 



16 



11 



12 



10 



8 



6 



1 



2 



150 



The relation of the three groups remains unchanged throughout 

 life. The amount of white and Indian blood in the mixed race is 

 very nearly the same. We find, therefore, the remarkable fact that 

 the Indian type has a stronger influence upon the offspring than 

 the white type. The same fact is expressed in the great frequency 

 of dark hair and of dark eyes among half bloods. 



Two reasons may be assigned for this fact. It may be that 

 the dark hair and the wide face are more primitive characteris- 

 tics of man than the narrow face and light eyes of the whites. 

 Then, it might be said that the characteristics of the Indian are 

 inherited with greater strength because they are older. It must, 

 however, also be considered that half bloods are almost always 

 descendants of Indian mothers and of white fathers, and this may 

 have had an influence upon the race, although there is no proof 

 that children resemble their mothers more than they resemble 

 their fathers. 



In carrying out the comparison of breadths of face it would be 

 better to study the curves of distribution for each year, but the 



