THE GLACIAL MAN IN AMERICA. 31 



that will in lieu claim prominence are drawing * and the elements of 

 the physical sciences so far as they can be illustrated by the common 

 things of every-day life. That is the first and easiest step in reform, 

 but it it does not probe to its depths the malady : at best it is little 

 more than skin-deep. The distaste for work on the part of the artisan 

 children on the one hand and the incapacity and ignorance which re- 

 sult from the chaotic state of apprenticeship on the other hand alike 

 call for a more trenchant remedy. It is absolutely necessary, in the 

 first place, that the children should enter earlier upon manual labor, 

 that they may gain some skill with their fingers ere they pass the 

 perilous point at which their taste or distaste for work may be ac- 

 quired ; and, in the second, that their education, the training of their 

 mental capacities, should continue till a later period, when their minds 

 are more matured and their faculties sharpened by experience. The 

 whole question of technical education lies in the simultaneous solution 

 of these two problems. 







THE GLACIAL MAN IN AMEKICA. 



By B. F. De COSTA. 



IN that distant age when Nature was still toiling at the foundations 

 of the Eastern Continent, portions of America had become dry land, 

 and mountain-peaks in North Carolina were illuminated by rising and 

 setting suns. It is, therefore, an anachronism to speak of America as 

 the New World, especially when we remember the high antiquity of 

 the fauna of North America. Still it is believed that the Eastern Con- 

 tinent was the original abode of man. 



But when, or under what circumstances, did America receive her 

 first human inhabitant ? Heretofore those who have discussed the 

 question have assigned the event to a comparatively modern period, 

 and have considered the probability of immigrations from Asia by 

 Behring Strait ; while others have suggested early transatlantic 

 movements, or the peopling of America from a lost continent of the 

 Pacific Ocean. The discovery of stone implements, however, in the 

 glacial deposits of the Delaware Valley gives a fresh tm-n to the dis- 



* I am not here advocating drawing as a fine art, much as we may hope the fine arts 

 might do for the culture of the future generation, but drawing as a science ; by which I 

 mean the representation of real objects to scale, as workmen have them represented in 

 the drawings from which they work ; as, in the higher development, engineers and archi- 

 tects represent them. As is well known, this is frequently, though erroneously, described 

 as " mechanical " drawing. Erroneously, for the sketches by which directions to work- 

 men are conveyed may be of the roughest " free-hand " type provided only they are con- 

 structed upon the scientific methods in use in all the best workshops, and " figured " 

 that is to say, having the various dimensions accurately marked upon them. 



