748 



THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



in nearly all of Melanesia and in part of Australia. The Papuan skull is 

 plainly dolicbocephalous ; the index descends to 71 '03, and even to 70'32 

 in the skulls of the men. The vertical diameter is at the same time 

 considerable, and exceeds the maximum transverse diameter, so that 

 the head is hypsistenocephalous, or higher than it is broad. The head 

 which MM. de Quatrefages and Hamy have selected as typical of the 

 race a Mafor head from Port Dorei (Fig. 6) has an horizontal index 

 of 71*55, and a vertical index of 105-51, with a cranial capacity of 

 about 1,350 cubic centimetres. It is long, narrow, and high. The 

 lateral walls of the skull rise perpendicularly, in almost parallel lines, 

 to the parietal bosses. At this point the transverse curve is directed 

 obliquely toward the top of the head, where it becomes rounded, and 

 forms, in connection with a kind of median crest which crosses the 



Fig. 6. Skull op a Papuan Mapob. 



Fig. 7. Skuil from Arfak. 



skull from front to rear, along the whole length of the sagittal suture, 

 a large, blunt point. The forehead is narrow, causing the cheek-bones 

 to appear very prominent, although their lateral development is not, 

 really, at all exaggerated. As a whole, the face is high and narrow. 

 The bones of the nose are quite long and slightly concave, the cavities 

 and prominences of the lower part of the superior maxillary are not 

 clearly defined. The jDrognathism of this race is so sharp that in the 

 norma verticalis the alveolar border and a part of the bones above 

 project in front of the skull. The facial angle of Camper varies be- 

 tween 73 and 76. The Papuan woman is generally less dolicboce- 

 phalous and hypsistenocephalous than the man. 



Pure or more or less mixed Papuans are found in Ternate, Ceram, 

 and Timor, in Malaysia. The pure type occurs in New Britain, and 

 at Yanikoro in the New Hebrides, but in other parts of Melanesia it is 

 mixed with the Negrito-Papuan or the Polynesian type. Traces of 

 the former mixture may be detected in the Island of Toud, although 



