25 



worked a wonderful change, and Roe-Deer are again found in all 

 suitable places from Sutherlandshire to Wigtownshire. They do 

 not appear to be indigenous to any of the Scottish Islands, and 

 are still unknown in the Outer Hebrides, Orkney and Shetland, 

 but they were long ago introduced into Islay, and more recently 

 into Mull and Jura. 



[Bovidae.] 



[Bos taurus, Linnaeus. — The White Bull of Cadzow and Chil- 

 lingham has usually been enumerated among our existing native 

 quadrupeds, and has been held by many zoologists to be the direct 

 descendant of the fossil Urus or Bos -primigenius (cf. infra, p. 37). 

 The known facts of the history of the breed have lately been well 

 collected in the Rev. J. Storer's work on the "Wild White Cattle 

 of Great Britain" (London, 1879), but that gentleman has given far 

 too much credence to statements of Boethius and his copyists. To 

 me the evidence appears overwhelmingly to prove that the modern 

 Park Cattle are not wild survivors of the Urus, but are the 

 descendants of a race which had escaped from domestication, and 

 had lived a feral life until they were enclosed in the parks and 

 chases of the mediaeval magnates. The original Scotch herds of 

 whose former existence we are acquainted were seven in number, 

 namely — 



I. Blair Aihole (Perthshire). Broken up in 1834 (Stover, p. 345). 



II. Kincardine ("' Kincarnia," Perthshire), mentioned, in 1578, 

 by Leslie (Stover, p. 137). 



III. Stirling (Stirlingshire). In the Royal Park, also recorded 

 by Leslie (Storer, p. 137). 



IV. Cumbernauld (Dumbartonshire). Destroyed by the Earl of 

 Lennox in 1570, according to Dalzell, but stated by tradition to 

 have survived till the last century (Storer, p. 322). 



V. Cadzow (Lanarkshire). The only existing herd, now number- 

 ing over forty head (Storer, p. 338). 



VI. Auchencruive (Ayrshire). Destroyed late in the last century 

 (Stover, p. 329). 



VII. Dvumlanrig (Dumfriesshire). Also exterminated towards 

 the end of the last century (Stover, p. 328). 



