242 TRANSACTIONS, NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF GLASGOW. 



ford's " History of Cumberland," dated 1075. writing on cattle, 

 he savs — *' and white wild cattle, with black ears, onlv on the 

 moores." In the same county, then, we have a breed with Urus- 

 like markings, and also this white breed, apparently not kept in 

 Darks, but roaminsr about on the moors. Now, as black breeds, 

 like the white, in a semi-domesticated state are known, why, then, 

 should all our " wild " race be white \ Martin, in his work on 

 the history of cattle (1852), notes one of these black wild breeds. 

 He writes : — '• In the Pays de Camargue, at the embouchure of 

 the Rhone, a wild, savage breed exists, less remarkable for stature 









prnM 



Fig. 13. — Portion of skull of small Short-horned Ox (with horns), from 

 Castle Connell, County Limerick, Ireland. 



than for strength and solidity of contour. The body is stout and 

 robust, the bellv extremely voluminous, the horns short and so 

 arched as to form a perfect crescent, the skin is thick and covered 

 with black hair. These cattle, which inhabit the islands of 

 Camargue, in the mouth of the Rhone, a little below Aries, are in 

 a semi-domesticated condition, and are noted for their strength 

 and ferocitv. Thev are said to have been brought oriijinallv from 

 Auverjrne. Their heavv contour, their black colour, their savasje 

 habits, and their great strength give them a certain degree of 

 similarity to the massive Buffalo. It is this fierce breed which 



