252 TRANSACTIONS, NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF GLASGOW. 



paintings and coins. These cattle are always whole-coloured — 

 generally mouse or fawn standing off to white, the insides of the 

 ears, the muzzle, and whole of the end of the tail being either 

 black, reddish, or pink. These cattle found in South Italy 

 probably came from Egypt, where their points had already been 

 stereotyped through ages of domestication. In North Italy, in 

 Emilia, and Umbria, there is a large animal with enormous 

 horns growing spirally outwards from either side of the head. 

 In colour it is like the breed in the south, and it no doubt came 

 oriiiinallv from Podolia. 



Martin, in his work 

 on cattle already re- 

 ferred to, writes — 

 •' In the Campagna 

 of Rome a verv 6ne 

 race exists in a semi- 

 wild state under the 

 care of keepers or 

 vaccari. Some of the 

 bulls are extremely 

 noble animals, often 

 white, others are 

 grey ; the horns are 

 large, well turned, 

 and pointed." 



As it would be in- 

 teresting to compare 

 this semi - wild race 

 with our own white 

 herd, I applied to the British Consul at Rome for assistance 

 to obtain more exact information, and his reply is interesting. 

 He writes — ''It appears that none of the herds at present 

 existing in the Campagna can be described as white cattle. 

 such as may have been used for sacrificial purposes in ancient 

 Rome. The only breed of which I have heard answering the 

 description given by Horace and other classical authors is to be 

 found on the banks of Clytumnus, near Perugia — quite a special 

 locality, not to be confounded with the country round Perugia 

 generally." 



Fig. 23. 



Chillingham Bull. 



British Museum. 



