272 TRANSACTIONS, NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF GLASGOW. 



exactly what was required to produce the modification observed 

 in the latter Romanised breed. The characteristics of the Urus 

 nowhere appear among the Romano-British cattle. 



The Kerry cattle are the most typical examples in the British 

 Isles of the Celtic Shorthorn, while the Chillingham cattle are the 

 nearest representation of the breed introduced by the Romans. 



The Highland and Welsh cattle are derived largely from the 

 Celtic Shorthorn, with more or less mixture of the Roman breed. 

 All the above are whole-coloured or shaded. 



Fig. 31. — Horn-core from mediaeval ditch. Woodwardian Museum, 



Cambridge. 



The Longhorns, which appear nowhere with Romano-British 

 or early mediaeval remains, are the oflTspring of the large breeds 

 imported from Holstein and the Low Countries in later mediaeval 

 times. All these, and the stock crossed with them, are apt to be 

 parti-coloured or sheeted. 



The Mediaeval Shorthorn (Fig. 31), as found in the ditches, tkc, 

 of the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth centuries, is a reversion to 

 the numerically -predominant native breed (Celtic Shorthorn) after 

 the legionaries had been withdrawn, and selection and breeding 

 had become impossible." 









Fig. 32.— Hunting the Wild Ox. British Museum, Assyrian Sciilptures, 



