The Scottish Naturalist. 15 



PiMPiNELLA SAXiFRAGA L. — The gall described in Sc. Nat. I. 

 125, is the work of Cccidoniyia piinpindla Low. 



Heracleum sphondylium L. — The leaflets of the root leaves 

 are folded and somewhat distorted, but without further 

 change, and in hollows along the mid-rib lie several 

 white larv^ of Cecidomyia heradci Kalt ? These galls 

 are rather common near Old Aberdeen, and at Muchalls, 

 in summer. 



Galium aparixe L. — {a) On the stem either at a node, or at 

 the apex. When at a node they usually include stem and 

 branches in a mass about ]/i^ — ^ inch across, but without 

 checking their growth ; when terminal they may reach 

 I — 13^ inches in diameter, and then consist of a mass of 

 stunted and deformed branches, leaves, peduncles, 

 flowers and fruits. The masses are green, but are covered 

 with a whitish pubescence. On section they are found to 

 be fleshy, and to enclose numerous cells, each tenanted by 

 a larva of Cecidomyia ga/ii Winn. Occur in hedges near 

 Aberdeen, and at Banchory, in autumn. (I?) The leaves, 

 especially towards the apex of the stem, become circinate 

 or involute along one or both margins, forming irregular 

 tubes, which have a blistered look, and are yellowish-green 

 externally. They are tenanted by multitudes of a species 

 of Fhytoptus. The diseased plants have a look about 

 them readily recognisable even from a little distance. 

 They are abundant in one locality on the Kincardine- 

 shire coast, and I have also seen them near Perth, and 

 Glasgow. 



Galium saxatile L. — {a) Galls similar in form and origin 

 to those just described occur on this plant also. 

 They are common in Orkney and near Glasgow, {b)^ 

 The flowerbuds or fruits sometimes become swollen 

 and inflated, reaching %g x %o inch in diameter, but 

 remain inconspicuous. On section I found an irregular 

 cavity tenanted by a few specimens of Phytoptus. The 

 galls are rather scarce, near Aberdeen, in autumn. 



Centaurea nigra 1l. — On this plant occur deformities of 

 . the ovary, very hard and woody, irregularly ovate, about 

 7x6 ^ yiG inch, externally brownish, and densely covered with 

 short white hairs ; each encloses a cell wider below 

 and opening by a small hole above, and is tenanted by one 

 white larva, truncated in front, and strongly ringed, with the 



