256 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OP 



forms of Carnivora. It was characterized as follows: Molars 



4 3 the last with heel ; crowns of true molars of four opposite or 



slightly alternating tubercles, the external pair slightly crescentic 

 in sections; anterior inner tubercle bifid. The premolars are 

 compressed, the last acute and with an acute inner tubercle. This 

 form differs from Pantolestes, Cope, in the presence of the inner 

 cusp of the fourth premolar, and from Tomitherium, Cope, in the 

 double or bifid anterior inner tubercle of the true molars. From 

 Anapfomorphus, Cope, many details of its molar teeth distinguish 

 it. He named the genus Sai*colemur, and gave as the type S. 

 furcatus (Antiacodonfurcatus, Cope; Ann. Rept. U. S. Geological 

 Surv. Terrs., 1872, p. 608) ; other species are the S. pygmaeus, Cope 

 (1. c. p. 607); and S. mentalis. Cope (Systematic Gatal. Vert. New 

 Mexico, 1875, p. 17). He added that the genus Menotherium, 

 Cope, the only quadrumanous form certainly known from the 

 Miocene beds of the west, had apparently been redescribed by 

 Marsh under the name of Laopithecus. 



Prof. Cope exhibited the mandibular ramus of a new species of 

 dog of large size, which he had discovered in one of the Pliocene 

 formations of the west. It is considerably larger than the wolf, 

 and similar in size to the Amphicyon haydenii (Ganis haydenii, 

 Leidy); and may belong to the genus Amphicyon. It is distin- 

 guished for the large size of the tubercular molars and canine 

 teeth, and the small size of its premolar teeth. The premolars 

 are separated from each other and from the canine by short sub- 

 equal diastemata, but the fourth premolar and the true molars 

 form an uninterrupted series. The first tubercular molar is larger 

 than the last premolar, and the second tubercular is but little 

 smaller than the same tooth, and has its single flat root so grooved 

 as to foreshadow the two rooted condition seen in the A. haydenii. 

 The mandibular ramus is deepened posteriorly, and is remarkable 

 in the great anterior prolongation of the masseteric fossa, which 

 reaches as far as below the middle of the sectorial molar tooth. 

 The dimensions are as follows : Length of molar series from alve- 

 olus of canine M. .121 ; length from same to sectorial molar, .061 ; 

 length of sectorial, .031 ; width of do., .015; length of first tuber- 

 cular, .020; width of crown of do., .012 ; depth of ramus at pos- 

 terior border of do., .055 ; depth of ramus at anterior border of sec- 

 torial, .049 ; depth of do. at first or simple premolar, .038 ; long 

 diameter of canine tooth, .023. From A. haydenii the species dif- 

 fers in the position of the tubercular molars being on the con- 

 tinuous alveolar border as in typical dogs, in the one rooted 

 second tubercular tooth, and in the anterior extension of the 

 masseteric fossa. The species was named Canis ursinus. 



